PMID- 27879456
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171219
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1573-4935 (Electronic)
IS  - 0144-8463 (Print)
IS  - 0144-8463 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Dec
TI  - Hindlimb spasticity after unilateral motor cortex lesion in rats is reduced by 
      contralateral nerve root transfer.
LID - 10.1042/BSR20160412 [doi]
LID - e00430
AB  - Lower extremity spasticity is a common sequela among patients with acquired brain 
      injury. The optimum treatment remains controversial. The aim of our study was to 
      test the feasibility and effectiveness of contralateral nerve root transfer in 
      reducing post stroke spasticity of the affected hindlimb muscles in rats. In our 
      study, we for the first time created a novel animal hindlimb spastic hemiplegia 
      model in rats with photothrombotic lesion of unilateral motor cortex and we 
      established a novel surgical procedure in reducing motor cortex lesion-induced 
      hindlimb spastic hemiplegia in rats. Thirty six rats were randomized into three 
      groups. In group A, rats received sham operation. In group B, rats underwent 
      unilateral hindlimb motor cortex lesion. In group C, rats underwent unilateral 
      hindlimb cortex lesion followed by contralateral L4 ventral root transfer to L5 
      ventral root of the affected side. Footprint analysis, Hoffmann reflex 
      (H-reflex), cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) retrograde tracing of gastrocnemius 
      muscle (GM) motoneurons and immunofluorescent staining of vesicle glutamate 
      transporter 1 (VGLUT1) on CTB-labelled motoneurons were used to assess spasticity 
      of the affected hindlimb. Sixteen weeks postoperatively, toe spread and stride 
      length recovered significantly in group C compared with group B (P<0.001). H(max) 
      (H-wave maximum amplitude)/M(max) (M-wave maximum amplitude) ratio of 
      gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles (PMs) significantly reduced in group C 
      (P<0.01). Average VGLUT1 positive boutons per CTB-labelled motoneurons 
      significantly reduced in group C (P<0.001). We demonstrated for the first time 
      that contralateral L4 ventral root transfer to L5 ventral root of the affected 
      side was effective in relieving unilateral motor cortex lesion-induced hindlimb 
      spasticity in rats. Our data indicated that this could be an alternative 
      treatment for unilateral lower extremity spasticity after brain injury. 
      Therefore, contralateral neurotization may exert a potential therapeutic 
      candidate to improve the function of lower extremity in patients with spastic 
      hemiplegia.
CI  - (c) 2016 The Author(s).
FAU - Zong, Haiyang
AU  - Zong H
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military 
      Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Ma, Fenfen
AU  - Ma F
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, Laiyin
AU  - Zhang L
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China.
FAU - Lu, Huiping
AU  - Lu H
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, 
      China.
FAU - Gong, Jingru
AU  - Gong J
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, 
      China.
FAU - Cai, Min
AU  - Cai M
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, 
      China.
FAU - Lin, Haodong
AU  - Lin H
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military 
      Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Zhu, Yizhun
AU  - Zhu Y
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China zhuyz@fudan.edu.cn yzzhu@must.edu.mo chunlinhou@126.com.
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of 
      Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa Macau 999078, China.
FAU - Hou, Chunlin
AU  - Hou C
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military 
      Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China zhuyz@fudan.edu.cn yzzhu@must.edu.mo 
      chunlinhou@126.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20161223
PL  - England
TA  - Biosci Rep
JT  - Bioscience reports
JID - 8102797
RN  - 0 (Slc17a7 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain Injuries/chemically induced/*complications
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Hemiplegia/*etiology/*surgery
MH  - Hindlimb/*innervation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Motor Cortex/*injuries
MH  - Motor Neurons/physiology
MH  - Muscle Spasticity/etiology/surgery
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
MH  - Nerve Regeneration/physiology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Reflex, Abnormal/physiology
MH  - Spinal Nerve Roots/*surgery
MH  - Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1/analysis
PMC - PMC5180250
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - hindlimb
OT  - motor cortex
OT  - nerve transfer
OT  - spasticity
EDAT- 2016/11/24 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/20 06:00
PMCR- 2016/12/01
CRDT- 2016/11/24 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - BSR20160412 [pii]
AID - e00430 [pii]
AID - 10.1042/BSR20160412 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Biosci Rep. 2016 Dec 23;36(6):e00430. doi: 10.1042/BSR20160412. Print 2016 Dec.