PMID- 27888020
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171226
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1872-7549 (Electronic)
IS  - 0166-4328 (Linking)
VI  - 320
DP  - 2017 Mar 1
TI  - Neural correlates of affective empathy and reinforcement learning in boys with 
      conduct problems: fMRI evidence from a gambling task.
PG  - 75-84
LID - S0166-4328(16)31127-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.037 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Conduct problems (CP) comprise abnormal behaviors associated with 
      aberrant aspects of affective empathy as well as learning. However, behavioral 
      measures for affective empathy are challenging, and previous results concerning 
      learning in patients with CP are inconsistent. METHODS: Nineteen boys with CP and 
      24 typically developing (TD) boys aged 11-17 years (M=14.34, SD=1.93) 
      participated in the study. An ultimatum-game was applied in order to elicit the 
      feeling of like or dislike towards the opponent for a subsequent gambling task, 
      which was played by the opponents (OTHER-condition) and by the participants 
      themselves (SELF-condition). Functional MRI data were recorded throughout the 
      experiment. RESULTS: In accordance with the model of insensitivity to punishment, 
      hypo-activation of the left amygdala, left anterior insula, ventral medial 
      prefrontal cortex (MPFC), and bilateral temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) was 
      observed as a response to losing in participants with CP during the 
      SELF-condition. Callous-unemotional (CU)-traits correlated negatively with 
      activation of amygdala and right TPJ. During the OTHER-condition, TD participants 
      showed activation in brain areas associated with theory of mind (right TPJ, left 
      IFG), and affect regulation (right DLPFC) rather than areas associated with 
      affective empathy. This pattern was not found in adolescents with CP. Moreover, 
      and independently of individual characteristics of their opponents, adolescents 
      with CP demonstrated reward-associated activation (ventral striatum) observing 
      others win, which was positively correlated with CU-traits. This may be 
      interpreted in line with the theory of reward dominance. CONCLUSIONS: The current 
      study provides support for the theory of abnormal learning processing in 
      adolescents with CP which yields implications for further research as well as 
      clinical practice. The gambling task did not activate affective empathy networks, 
      but was specific for cognitive empathy, inhibition, and affect regulation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Schwenck, Christina
AU  - Schwenck C
AD  - Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, University of Giessen, 
      Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and 
      Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 
      Germany. Electronic address: christina.schwenck@psychol.uni-giessen.de.
FAU - Ciaramidaro, Angela
AU  - Ciaramidaro A
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, 
      University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.
FAU - Selivanova, Marina
AU  - Selivanova M
AD  - Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, University of Giessen, 
      Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and 
      Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 
      Germany.
FAU - Tournay, Jennifer
AU  - Tournay J
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, 
      University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.
FAU - Freitag, Christine M
AU  - Freitag CM
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, 
      University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.
FAU - Siniatchkin, Michael
AU  - Siniatchkin M
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, 
      University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Department 
      of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Schleswig-Holstein University 
      Hospital, Kiel, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161122
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Behav Brain Res
JT  - Behavioural brain research
JID - 8004872
RN  - S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Brain/*diagnostic imaging
MH  - *Brain Mapping
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior
MH  - Conduct Disorder/*diagnostic imaging/psychology
MH  - Empathy/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Interpersonal Relations
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Oxygen
MH  - *Reinforcement, Psychology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Callous-unemotional traits
OT  - Conduct disorder
OT  - Empathy
OT  - Oppositional defiant disorder
OT  - Punishment
OT  - Reward
EDAT- 2016/11/27 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/27 06:00
CRDT- 2016/11/27 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0166-4328(16)31127-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.037 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Behav Brain Res. 2017 Mar 1;320:75-84. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.037. Epub 2016 
      Nov 22.