PMID- 27895986 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200930 IS - 2156-7085 (Print) IS - 2156-7085 (Electronic) IS - 2156-7085 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 11 DP - 2016 Nov 1 TI - Combined frequency domain photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging for intravascular applications. PG - 4441-4449 AB - Intravascular photoacoustic (IVPA) imaging has the potential to characterize lipid-rich structures based on the optical absorption contrast of tissues. In this study, we explore frequency domain photoacoustics (FDPA) for intravascular applications. The system employed an intensity-modulated continuous wave (CW) laser diode, delivering 1W over an intensity modulated chirp frequency of 4-12MHz. We demonstrated the feasibility of this approach on an agar vessel phantom with graphite and lipid targets, imaged using a planar acoustic transducer co-aligned with an optical fibre, allowing for the co-registration of IVUS and FDPA images. A frequency domain correlation method was used for signal processing and image reconstruction. The graphite and lipid targets show an increase in FDPA signal as compared to the background of 21dB and 16dB, respectively. Use of compact CW laser diodes may provide a valuable alternative for the development of photoacoustic intravascular devices instead of pulsed laser systems. FAU - Castelino, Robin F AU - Castelino RF AD - Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada. FAU - Hynes, Michael AU - Hynes M AD - Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada. FAU - Munding, Chelsea E AU - Munding CE AD - Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada. FAU - Telenkov, Sergey AU - Telenkov S AD - PHAST Imaging, 1B Richview Road, Toronto, ON M9A 4M6, Canada. FAU - Foster, F Stuart AU - Foster FS AD - Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20161006 PL - United States TA - Biomed Opt Express JT - Biomedical optics express JID - 101540630 PMC - PMC5119586 OTO - NOTNLM OT - (170.5120) Photoacoustic imaging OT - (170.7170) Ultrasound EDAT- 2016/11/30 06:00 MHDA- 2016/11/30 06:01 PMCR- 2016/10/06 CRDT- 2016/11/30 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/09/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/09/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/11/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/11/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/11/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2016/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 270504 [pii] AID - 10.1364/BOE.7.004441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomed Opt Express. 2016 Oct 6;7(11):4441-4449. doi: 10.1364/BOE.7.004441. eCollection 2016 Nov 1.