PMID- 27898643
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170814
LR  - 20180628
IS  - 1530-0315 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 5
DP  - 2017 May
TI  - Effect of Different Osmolalities, CHO Types, and [CHO] on Gastric Emptying in 
      Humans.
PG  - 1015-1021
LID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001176 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of beverage osmolalities, 
      carbohydrate (CHO) type, and CHO concentration on gastric emptying in euhydrated 
      subjects at rest. METHODS: The gastric emptying of water (W), four glucose 
      beverages (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% glucose: 2G, 4G, 6G, and 8G), and four sucrose 
      beverages (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% sucrose: 2S, 4S, 6S, and 8S) were determined in 
      eight healthy subjects using the modified George double-sampling technique. 
      Subjects ingested a beverage (7 mL.kg body weight) containing 25 ppm phenol red 
      as quickly as possible (</=1.0 min), and subsequent gastric and blood samples were 
      collected every 10 min for 40 min. A linear regression and a repeated-measures 
      ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The gastric secretion volume 
      was not significantly different among beverages across time. Gastric residual 
      beverage volume (GRBV) at each sampling time point was not different among 2S, 
      4S, 6S, 8S, and water (P > 0.05). The 8G resulted in a significantly greater GRBV 
      compared with other beverages at 20, 30, and 40 min (P < 0.05). GRBV from 6G was 
      significantly higher than 2G at 30 min, but no other statistical differences were 
      found among W, 2G, 4G, and 6G. The 8S had a greater GRBV compared with W at 40 
      min (P < 0.05). Mean gastric osmolality positively correlated to mean GRBV (r = 
      0.93). Gastric emptying rate was negatively correlated to the calories emptied (r 
      = 0.84) with a greater effect from glucose beverages compared with sucrose 
      beverages. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that glucose exerts a stronger 
      inhibitory stimulus compared with sucrose on gastric emptying and that a 
      physiological threshold exists for the combined influence of glucose 
      concentration and beverage osmolality to trigger the feedback inhibition of 
      gastric emptying.
FAU - Shi, Xiaocai
AU  - Shi X
AD  - 1Sports NutriLight Inc., Algonquin, IL; 2PepsiCo, Chicago, IL; 3Nutrition 
      Consultant, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CANADA; 4Gatorade Sports Science Institute, 
      Barrington, IL; and 5Sports Science Insights, LLC, Crystal Lake, IL.
FAU - Osterberg, Kristin L
AU  - Osterberg KL
FAU - Petrie, Heather
AU  - Petrie H
FAU - Stofan, John R
AU  - Stofan JR
FAU - Murray, Robert
AU  - Murray R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
RN  - 0 (Dietary Sucrose)
RN  - 0 (Sweetening Agents)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Beverages
MH  - Dietary Sucrose/*administration & dosage
MH  - Female
MH  - Gastric Emptying/*physiology
MH  - Glucose/*administration & dosage
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Osmolar Concentration
MH  - Sweetening Agents/*administration & dosage
EDAT- 2016/11/30 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/15 06:00
CRDT- 2016/11/30 06:00
PHST- 2016/11/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001176 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 May;49(5):1015-1021. doi: 
      10.1249/MSS.0000000000001176.