PMID- 27912912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170127 LR - 20181202 IS - 1879-1298 (Electronic) IS - 0045-6535 (Linking) VI - 168 DP - 2017 Feb TI - Passive air sampling of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and emerging compounds in Kolkata megacity and rural mangrove wetland Sundarban in India: An approach to regional monitoring. PG - 1430-1438 LID - S0045-6535(16)31245-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.055 [doi] AB - Polyurethane foam (PUF) disk passive air samplers were deployed concurrently at five sites across Kolkata megacity and the rural mangrove wetland of Sundarban (UNESCO World Heritage Site) between January-March in 2014. Samples were analyzed for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltricholoroethanes (DDTs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Derived air concentrations (pg/m(3)) for Kolkata ranged: for summation operatoralpha- and gamma-HCH between 70 and 207 (114 +/- 62), summation operator(6)DDTs: 127-216 (161 +/- 36), summation operator(7)PCBs: 53-213 (141 +/- 64), and summation operator(10)PBDEs: 0.30-23 (11 +/- 9). Low values for all the studied POPs were recorded in the remote area of the Sundarban site (with the exception of DDTs: o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDT), where summation operator(4)DDTs was 161 +/- 36. In particular, the site of Ballygunge, located in the southern part of Kolkata, showed the highest level of all the metabolites/congeners of POPs, suggesting a potential hot spot of usage and emissions. From HCHs, alpha-/gamma-HCH isomers ratio was low (0.67-1.96) indicating a possible sporadic source of lindane. gamma-HCH dominated the HCH signal (at 3 sites) reflecting wide spread use of lindane both in Kolkata and the Sundarban region; however, isomeric composition in Kolkata also suggests potential technical HCHs use. Among DDT metabolites, both o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDT shared the dominant percentages accounting for approximately 26-46% of total DDTs followed by p,p'-DDE ( approximately 12-19%). The PCB congener profile was dominated by tri- and tetra-Cl at the southern and eastern part of Kolkata. These results are one of the few contributions that reports air concentrations of POPs, concurrently, at urban and remote villages in India. These data are useful to assess atmospheric pollution levels and to motivate local and regional authorities to better understand the potential human exposure risk associated to urban areas in India. CI - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Pozo, Karla AU - Pozo K AD - Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Facultad de Ciencias, Alonso de Ribera 2850, 407 01 29 Concepcion, Chile; Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Alonso de Ribera 2850, 407 01 29 Concepcion, Chile; Universita degli Studi di Siena, Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: gallardokarla@gmail.com. FAU - Sarkar, Santosh Kumar AU - Sarkar SK AD - University of Calcutta, Department of Marine Science, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700 019, West Bengal, India. FAU - Estellano, Victor H AU - Estellano VH AD - Universita degli Studi di Siena, Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy. FAU - Mitra, Soumita AU - Mitra S AD - University of Calcutta, Department of Marine Science, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700 019, West Bengal, India. FAU - Audi, Ondrej AU - Audi O AD - Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Kukucka, Petr AU - Kukucka P AD - Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Pribylova, Petra AU - Pribylova P AD - Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Klanova, Jana AU - Klanova J AD - Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Corsolini, Simonetta AU - Corsolini S AD - Universita degli Studi di Siena, Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20161129 PL - England TA - Chemosphere JT - Chemosphere JID - 0320657 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers) RN - 59NEE7PCAB (Hexachlorocyclohexane) RN - CIW5S16655 (DDT) RN - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) SB - IM MH - Air Pollutants/*analysis MH - Cities MH - DDT/*analysis MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis MH - Hexachlorocyclohexane/*analysis MH - India MH - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis MH - Wetlands OTO - NOTNLM OT - DDTs OT - Kolkata megacity OT - PAS-PUF OT - POPs OT - Sundarban wetland EDAT- 2016/12/04 06:00 MHDA- 2017/01/28 06:00 CRDT- 2016/12/04 06:00 PHST- 2016/06/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/12/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/01/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/12/04 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0045-6535(16)31245-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.055 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chemosphere. 2017 Feb;168:1430-1438. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.055. Epub 2016 Nov 29.