PMID- 27942448
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171117
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 2213-1582 (Electronic)
IS  - 2213-1582 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2017
TI  - Brain connectivity aberrations in anabolic-androgenic steroid users.
PG  - 62-69
AB  - Sustained anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use has adverse behavioral 
      consequences, including aggression, violence and impulsivity. Candidate 
      mechanisms include disruptions of brain networks with high concentrations of 
      androgen receptors and critically involved in emotional and cognitive regulation. 
      Here, we tested the effects of AAS on resting-state functional brain connectivity 
      in the largest sample of AAS-users to date. We collected resting-state functional 
      magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 151 males engaged in heavy resistance 
      strength training. 50 users tested positive for AAS based on the testosterone to 
      epitestosterone (T/E) ratio and doping substances in urine. 16 previous users and 
      59 controls tested negative. We estimated brain network nodes and their 
      time-series using ICA and dual regression and defined connectivity matrices as 
      the between-node partial correlations. In line with the emotional and behavioral 
      consequences of AAS, current users exhibited reduced functional connectivity 
      between key nodes involved in emotional and cognitive regulation, in particular 
      reduced connectivity between the amygdala and default-mode network (DMN) and 
      between the dorsal attention network (DAN) and a frontal node encompassing the 
      superior and inferior frontal gyri (SFG/IFG) and the anterior cingulate cortex 
      (ACC), with further reductions as a function of dependency, lifetime exposure, 
      and cycle state (on/off).
FAU - Westlye, Lars T
AU  - Westlye LT
AD  - NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and 
      Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University 
      of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Kaufmann, Tobias
AU  - Kaufmann T
AD  - NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and 
      Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University 
      of Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Alnaes, Dag
AU  - Alnaes D
AD  - NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and 
      Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University 
      of Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Hullstein, Ingunn R
AU  - Hullstein IR
AD  - Norwegian Doping Control Laboratory, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
FAU - Bjornebekk, Astrid
AU  - Bjornebekk A
AD  - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department on Substance Use Disorder 
      Treatment, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, 
      Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20161117
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Neuroimage Clin
JT  - NeuroImage. Clinical
JID - 101597070
RN  - 0 (Anabolic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Androgens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Amygdala/diagnostic imaging/drug effects/physiopathology
MH  - Anabolic Agents/*adverse effects
MH  - Androgens/*adverse effects
MH  - *Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging/drug effects/physiopathology
MH  - *Connectome
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - *Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging/drug effects/physiopathology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5133655
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Amygdala
OT  - Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS)
OT  - Default-mode network
OT  - Dependency
OT  - Functional connectivity
OT  - fMRI
EDAT- 2016/12/13 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00
PMCR- 2016/11/17
CRDT- 2016/12/13 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/12/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2213-1582(16)30222-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.11.014 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Neuroimage Clin. 2016 Nov 17;13:62-69. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.11.014. 
      eCollection 2017.