PMID- 27993175
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170512
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1475-2662 (Electronic)
IS  - 0007-1145 (Linking)
VI  - 116
IP  - 12
DP  - 2016 Dec
TI  - Carbohydrate intake and resistance-based exercise: are current recommendations 
      reflective of actual need?
PG  - 2053-2065
LID - 10.1017/S0007114516003949 [doi]
AB  - Substantial research has been completed examining the impact of carbohydrate 
      (CHO) intake on endurance exercise, whereas its role in resistance-based exercise 
      performance, adaptation and cell signalling has yet to be fully characterised. 
      This empirical shortcoming has precluded the ability to establish specific CHO 
      recommendations for resistance exercise. This results in recommendations largely 
      stemming from findings based on endurance exercise and/or anecdotal evidence 
      despite the distinct energetic demands and molecular responses mediating 
      adaptation from endurance- and resistance-based exercise. Moreover, the topic of 
      CHO and exercise has become one of polarising nature with divergent views - some 
      substantiated, others lacking evidence. Current literature suggests a moderately 
      high daily CHO intake (3-7 g/kg per d) for resistance training, which is thought 
      to prevent glycogen depletion and facilitate performance and adaptation. However, 
      contemporary investigation, along with an emerging understanding of the molecular 
      underpinnings of resistance exercise adaptation, may suggest that such an intake 
      may not be necessary. In addition to the low likelihood of true glycogen 
      depletion occurring in response to resistance exercise, a diet restrictive in CHO 
      may not be detrimental to acute resistance exercise performance or the cellular 
      signalling activity responsible for adaptation, even when muscle glycogen stores 
      are reduced. Current evidence suggests that signalling of the mammalian target of 
      rapamycin complex 1, the key regulatory kinase for gene translation (protein 
      synthesis), is unaffected by CHO restriction or low muscular glycogen 
      concentrations. Such findings may call into question the current view and 
      subsequent recommendations of CHO intake with regard to resistance-based 
      exercise.
FAU - Escobar, Kurt A
AU  - Escobar KA
AD  - 1Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences,University of New 
      Mexico,Albuquerque,NM 87131,USA.
FAU - VanDusseldorp, Trisha A
AU  - VanDusseldorp TA
AD  - 2Department of Exercise Science and Sports Management,Kennesaw State 
      University,Kennesaw,GA 30144,USA.
FAU - Kerksick, Chad M
AU  - Kerksick CM
AD  - 3School of Health Sciences,Lindenwood University,Saint Charles,MO 63301,USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20161220
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Nutr
JT  - The British journal of nutrition
JID - 0372547
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Athletic Performance
MH  - *Diet, Carbohydrate Loading/adverse effects
MH  - Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted/adverse effects
MH  - *Diet, Healthy
MH  - *Evidence-Based Medicine
MH  - Glycogen/metabolism
MH  - *Health Promotion/trends
MH  - *Healthy Lifestyle
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Models, Biological
MH  - Muscle Proteins/biosynthesis
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Nutritional Requirements
MH  - *Resistance Training
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 1RM one repetition maximum
OT  - AMPK 5' AMP-activated protein kinase
OT  - CHO carbohydrate
OT  - mTORC1 mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
OT  - Glycogen
OT  - Mammalian target of rapamycin
OT  - Nutrient timing
OT  - Protein synthesis
OT  - Skeletal muscle hypertrophy
EDAT- 2016/12/21 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/13 06:00
CRDT- 2016/12/21 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/13 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/12/21 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0007114516003949 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S0007114516003949 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Nutr. 2016 Dec;116(12):2053-2065. doi: 10.1017/S0007114516003949. Epub 2016 
      Dec 20.