PMID- 28012280
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171103
LR  - 20231112
IS  - 1614-0575 (Electronic)
IS  - 1613-6071 (Print)
IS  - 1613-6071 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2016 Summer-Fall
TI  - Whey and Casein Proteins and Medium-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids from Milk Do Not 
      Increase Low-Grade Inflammation in Abdominally Obese Adults.
PG  - 148-157
AB  - BACKGROUND: Low-grade inflammation is involved in the development of diabetes and 
      cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammation can be modulated by dietary factors. 
      Dairy products are rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA), which are known to 
      possess pro-inflammatory properties. However, different fatty acid compositions 
      may exert different effects. Other components such as milk proteins may exert 
      anti-inflammatory properties which may compensate for the potential negative 
      effects of SFAs. Generally, the available data suggest a neutral role of dairy 
      product consumption on inflammation. AIM: To investigate the effects of, and 
      potential interaction between, a dietary supplementation with whey protein and 
      milk fat, naturally enriched in medium-chain SFA (MC-SFA), on inflammatory 
      markers in abdominal obese adults. METHODS: The study was a 12-week, randomized, 
      double-blinded, intervention study. Sixty-three adults were equally allocated to 
      one of four groups which received a supplement of either 60 g/day whey or 60 
      g/day casein plus 63 g/day milk fat either high or low in MC-SFA content. 
      Fifty-two subjects completed the study. Before and after the intervention, 
      changes in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist 
      (IL-1RA), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), adiponectin, and monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured. Changes in inflammatory genes in 
      the subcutaneous adipose tissue were also documented. RESULTS: There were no 
      differences in circulating inflammatory markers between protein types or fatty 
      acid compositions in abdominally obese subjects, with the exception of an 
      increase in adiponectin in response to high compared to low MC-SFA consumption in 
      women. We found that combined dairy proteins and MC-SFAs influenced inflammatory 
      gene expression in adipose tissue, while no effect was detected by dairy proteins 
      or MC-SFA per se. CONCLUSION: Whey protein compared with casein and 
      MC-SFA-enriched milk fat did not alter circulating markers of low-grade 
      inflammation in abdominally obese subjects, except for an increase in circulating 
      adiponectin in response to high MC-SFA in abdominally obese women.
FAU - Bohl, Mette
AU  - Bohl M
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 
      Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Bjornshave, Ann
AU  - Bjornshave A
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 
      Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Gregersen, Soren
AU  - Gregersen S
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 
      Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Hermansen, Kjeld
AU  - Hermansen K
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 
      Aarhus, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20160314
PL  - Singapore
TA  - Rev Diabet Stud
JT  - The review of diabetic studies : RDS
JID - 101227575
RN  - 0 (Adiponectin)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Caseins)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (IL1RN protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Whey Proteins)
RN  - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adiponectin/blood
MH  - Adipose Tissue/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
MH  - Caseins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/blood
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*blood
MH  - Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/blood
MH  - Interleukin-6/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Milk
MH  - Obesity, Abdominal/*blood
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Whey Proteins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5553764
COIS- All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests in relation to the 
      creation and publication of this paper.
EDAT- 2016/12/25 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/04 06:00
PMCR- 2017/08/10
CRDT- 2016/12/25 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1900/rds.2016.13.148 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Diabet Stud. 2016 Summer-Fall;13(2-3):148-157. doi: 10.1900/rds.2016.13.148. 
      Epub 2016 Mar 14.