PMID- 28027768
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170321
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1872-7727 (Electronic)
IS  - 0720-048X (Linking)
VI  - 86
DP  - 2017 Jan
TI  - The evolution of radiation dose over time: Measurement of a patient cohort 
      undergoing whole-body examinations on three computer tomography generations.
PG  - 63-69
LID - S0720-048X(16)30350-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.11.002 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the radiation dose and image quality of 
      whole-body-CT (WBCT) performed on the 3rd-generation dual-source-CT (DSCT) with 
      2nd-generation DSCT and 64-slices-Single-Source-CT (SSCT) in a large patient 
      cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using a monitoring and tracking software 1451, 747 
      and 1861 patients scanned with a one-spiral-thorax-abdomen-pelvis-CT-examination 
      on a 3rd-, 2nd-generation DSCT and SSCT, respectively, were extracted from the 
      PACS server. For the intra-individual analysis, 203 patients on the 
      3rd-generation DSCT were identified. Out of those 203 patients, 155 had the same 
      examination on the 2nd-generation DSCT, 91 patients had the same examination on 
      the SSCT and 43 patients had an examination on all three CT-generations. 
      Automatic tube current modulation was active on all three CT-generations, whereas 
      automatic tube voltage selection was only available on both DSCT-generations. 
      Dose was recorded by the size-specific-dose-estimate-method (SSDE); 
      signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR) were calculated 
      placing a ROI on the ascending aorta/liver and the subcutaneous adipose tissue at 
      comparable level. Image quality of axillary and mediastinal lymph nodes and 
      adrenal glands was assessed by two experienced radiologists. RESULTS: Subjective 
      image quality was excellent throughout all three CT-generations (p=0.38-0.98). 
      Quantitative image quality in both DSCT generations was superior to SSCT 
      (p<0.001). SNR and CNR in the liver parenchyma were superior in the 
      3rd-generation DSCT compared to the 2nd generation DSCT (p<0.001), whereas there 
      was no difference in the aorta. In the inter-individual analysis, CTDI(vol) was 
      lower by 26.9% and 44.3% in the 3rd-generation DSCT, when compared to the 
      2nd-generation DSCT and SSCT, respectively; SSDE was lower by 31.5% and 51% in 
      the 3rd-generation DSCT, when compared to the 2nd-generation DSCT and SSCT, 
      respectively. In the intra-individual comparison CTDI(Vol) in the 3rd-generation 
      DSCT was lower by 33% and 45%, when compared to the 2nd-gneration DSCT and the 
      SSCT, respectively. Consequently, SSDE in the 3rd-generation DSCT was lower by 
      29% and by 43% when compared to the 2nd-generation DSCT and SSCT, respectively. 
      CONCLUSION: State-of-the-art CT-equipment substantially reduce radiation dose 
      without affecting image quality.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Marcus, Roy P
AU  - Marcus RP
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United 
      States. Electronic address: roy.marcus@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
FAU - Koerner, Elise
AU  - Koerner E
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Aydin, Roland C
AU  - Aydin RC
AD  - Institute for Computational Mechanics, Technische Universitat Munchen, Garching, 
      Germany.
FAU - Zinsser, Dominik
AU  - Zinsser D
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Finke, Tobias
AU  - Finke T
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Cyron, Christian J
AU  - Cyron CJ
AD  - Institute for Computational Mechanics, Technische Universitat Munchen, Garching, 
      Germany.
FAU - Bamberg, Fabian
AU  - Bamberg F
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Nikolaou, Konstantin
AU  - Nikolaou K
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Notohamiprodjo, Mike
AU  - Notohamiprodjo M
AD  - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, 
      Tubingen, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161105
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Eur J Radiol
JT  - European journal of radiology
JID - 8106411
SB  - IM
MH  - Aorta, Thoracic/*radiation effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Liver/*radiation effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Physical Examination
MH  - *Radiation Dosage
MH  - Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Signal-To-Noise Ratio
MH  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CTDI
OT  - Computed tomography
OT  - Dose saving technique
OT  - Dual-Source-CT
OT  - SSDE
EDAT- 2016/12/29 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/23 06:00
CRDT- 2016/12/29 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/10/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/12/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0720-048X(16)30350-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.11.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Radiol. 2017 Jan;86:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.11.002. Epub 2016 Nov 
      5.