PMID- 28054401
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170509
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1552-8618 (Electronic)
IS  - 0730-7268 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 5
DP  - 2017 May
TI  - Risk of POP mixtures on the Arctic food chain.
PG  - 1181-1192
LID - 10.1002/etc.3671 [doi]
AB  - The exposure of the Arctic ecosystem to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was 
      assessed through a review of literature data. Concentrations of 19 chemicals or 
      congeneric groups were estimated for the highest levels of the Arctic food chain 
      (Arctic cod, ringed seals, and polar bears). The ecotoxicological risk for seals, 
      bears, and bear cubs was estimated by applying the concentration addition (CA) 
      concept. The risk of POP mixtures was very low in seals. By contrast, the risk 
      was 2 orders of magnitude higher than the risk threshold for adult polar bears 
      and even more (3 orders of magnitude above the threshold) for bear cubs fed with 
      contaminated milk. Based on the temporal trends available for many of the 
      chemicals, the temporal trend of the mixture risk for bear cubs was calculated. 
      Relative to the 1980s, a decrease in risk from the POP mixture is evident, mainly 
      because of international control measures. However, the composition of the 
      mixture substantially changes, and the contribution of new POPs (particularly 
      perfluorooctane sulfonate) increases. These results support the effectiveness of 
      control measures, such as those promulgated in the Stockholm Convention, as well 
      as the urgent need for their implementation for new and emerging POPs. Environ 
      Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1181-1192. (c) 2017 SETAC.
CI  - (c) 2017 SETAC.
FAU - Villa, Sara
AU  - Villa S
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 
      Milano, Italy.
FAU - Migliorati, Sonia
AU  - Migliorati S
AD  - Department of Economics, Management, and Statistics, University of Milano 
      Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
FAU - Monti, Gianna Serafina
AU  - Monti GS
AD  - Department of Economics, Management, and Statistics, University of Milano 
      Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
FAU - Holoubek, Ivan
AU  - Holoubek I
AD  - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk 
      University, Brno, Czech Republic.
FAU - Vighi, Marco
AU  - Vighi M
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 
      Milano, Italy.
AD  - Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Water (IMDEA Water), Madrid, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170105
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Toxicol Chem
JT  - Environmental toxicology and chemistry
JID - 8308958
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - *Food Chain
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Risk
MH  - Seals, Earless/metabolism
MH  - Ursidae/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Arctic
OT  - Mixture
OT  - Penalized regression smoothers
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
OT  - Risk assessment
EDAT- 2017/01/06 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/10 06:00
CRDT- 2017/01/06 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/08/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/10/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/01/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/06 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/etc.3671 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Toxicol Chem. 2017 May;36(5):1181-1192. doi: 10.1002/etc.3671. Epub 2017 
      Jan 5.