PMID- 28101480
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2233-6249 (Print)
IS  - 2233-6257 (Electronic)
IS  - 2233-6249 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Dec
TI  - Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte 
      Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients.
PG  - 87-92
LID - 10.14581/jer.16016 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aromatic antiepileptic drugs are frequently implicated 
      for cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs); there are case-reports of even 
      severe reactions like drug reaction eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) 
      and Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS)-toxic epidermal necrolysis with Levetiracetam 
      (LEV). Certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-alleles have strong association with 
      cADRs due to specific drugs - HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-A*31:01 in Carbamazepine 
      (CBZ)-related SJS in Han-Chinese and European populations, respectively. Here, 
      the spectrum of cADRs to LEV was studied, and HLA-typing in patients with cADRs 
      due to LEV and some who were LEV-tolerant was performed, in an attempt to find an 
      association between HLA and such reactions. METHODS: 589 patients taking LEV were 
      screened for skin reactions, and eight patients with LEV-related cADRs and 25 
      LEV-tolerant controls were recruited - all 33 of North Indian ethnicity, their 
      HLA-A, B, DRB1 genotyping done. Statistical analysis was done to compare 
      carrier-rates and allele-frequencies of HLA-alleles between cases and controls 
      (and healthy population, where necessary) for alleles occurring more than two 
      times in either group. RESULTS: Out of 589 patients on LEV screened, there were 8 
      cases of cADR: 5 with maculopapular exanthema (MPE), 2 of SJS, and 1 with DRESS. 
      Although HLA-A*33:01 was seen to occur more in MPE cases as compared to tolerant 
      controls, the difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] 6.00, 
      95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-116.6; p = 0.31). HLA A*11:01 and 24:02 were 
      found to occur more in LEV-tolerant controls than in cases (OR 0.23 [95% CI 
      0.02-2.36, p = 0.33] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.09-11.02, p = 1.00] respectively). 
      CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous reactions to LEV are very unusual, and their association 
      with HLA in North-Indian population was not statistically significant.
FAU - Ramanujam, Bhargavi
AU  - Ramanujam B
AD  - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Ihtisham, Kavish
AU  - Ihtisham K
AD  - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Kaur, Gurvinder
AU  - Kaur G
AD  - Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of 
      Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Srivastava, Shivani
AU  - Srivastava S
AD  - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Mehra, Narinder Kumar
AU  - Mehra NK
AD  - Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of 
      Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Khanna, Neena
AU  - Khanna N
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical 
      Sciences, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Singh, Mahip
AU  - Singh M
AD  - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Tripathi, Manjari
AU  - Tripathi M
AD  - Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 
      India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161231
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Epilepsy Res
JT  - Journal of epilepsy research
JID - 101577886
PMC - PMC5206105
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
OT  - Levetiracetam
OT  - Maculo-papular exanthem
OT  - Stevens-Johnson syndrome
OT  - Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
EDAT- 2017/01/20 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/20 06:01
PMCR- 2016/12/31
CRDT- 2017/01/20 06:00
PHST- 2016/05/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/06/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/01/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/01/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/12/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - er-6-2-87 [pii]
AID - er-6-2-89 [pii]
AID - 10.14581/jer.16016 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Epilepsy Res. 2016 Dec 31;6(2):87-92. doi: 10.14581/jer.16016. eCollection 2016 
      Dec.