PMID- 28113098 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170829 LR - 20181202 IS - 1532-8384 (Electronic) IS - 0010-440X (Linking) VI - 74 DP - 2017 Apr TI - Gender differences in positive mental health among individuals with schizophrenia. PG - 88-95 LID - S0010-440X(16)30371-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.005 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: This article aims to investigate the gender differences in positive mental health among outpatients with schizophrenia. METHODS: 142 outpatients (aged 21-65 years) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were recruited from a tertiary psychiatric hospital. They were administered the following instruments: The Positive Mental Health (PMH) instrument, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7, and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were gathered from interviews with the participants as well as from their medical records. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were performed to investigate the gender differences in PMH total and domain-specific scores. Association of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics with PMH was furthered explored in men and women independently using multiple linear regression analyses using backward stepwise method. RESULTS: PMH total score and Emotional Support (ES) and Global Affect (GA) sub-scale scores were significantly higher among women vs men (PMH = 4.41 vs 4.07, p value = 0.01 and domains ES = 4.56 vs 3.84, p value < 0.01 and GA = 4.44 vs 4.02, p value = 0.01), given that the men and women samples did not differ significantly in their socio-demographic and clinical profiles. After adjusting for all covariates, men with no formal/ primary education were significantly associated with lower PMH total score than those with higher (secondary, A level, pre-university) education. Men belonging to Malay ethnic group had significant higher PMH total score compared to men of Chinese ethnicity. Among the women samples, those with depression as measured by PHQ-8 had significantly lower scores in the PMH total score and higher GAF score was associated with significantly higher scores in PMH total score. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified gender differences in PMH of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders whereby women had higher PMH total score and domain scores than men. The study also identified factors associated with PMH which can aid in designing gender appropriate mental health interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Jeyagurunathan, Anitha AU - Jeyagurunathan A AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: anitha_jeyagurunathan@imh.com.sg. FAU - Vaingankar, Janhavi Ajit AU - Vaingankar JA AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: janhavi_vaingankar@imh.com.sg. FAU - Abdin, Edimansyah AU - Abdin E AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: edimansyah_abdin@imh.com.sg. FAU - Sambasivam, Rajeswari AU - Sambasivam R AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: rajeswari_sambasivam@imh.com.sg. FAU - Seow, Esmond AU - Seow E AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: Esmond_LS_SEOW@imh.com.sg. FAU - Pang, Shirlene AU - Pang S AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: Shirlene_PANG@imh.com.sg. FAU - Picco, Louisa AU - Picco L AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: louisa_picco@imh.com.sg. FAU - Chong, Siow Ann AU - Chong SA AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: siow_ann_chong@imh.com.sg. FAU - Subramaniam, Mythily AU - Subramaniam M AD - Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore. Electronic address: mythily@imh.com.sg. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170112 PL - United States TA - Compr Psychiatry JT - Comprehensive psychiatry JID - 0372612 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Anxiety/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Mental Health MH - Middle Aged MH - Outpatients/psychology MH - Schizophrenia/*diagnosis/epidemiology MH - *Schizophrenic Psychology MH - *Sex Characteristics MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Men OT - Outpatients OT - Positive mental health OT - Schizophrenia OT - Women EDAT- 2017/01/24 06:00 MHDA- 2017/08/30 06:00 CRDT- 2017/01/24 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/01/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/01/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/01/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/08/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/01/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0010-440X(16)30371-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Compr Psychiatry. 2017 Apr;74:88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Jan 12.