PMID- 28115995 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20191120 IS - 1866-1947 (Print) IS - 1866-1955 (Electronic) IS - 1866-1947 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2017 TI - Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder. PG - 1 LID - 10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z [doi] LID - 1 AB - BACKGROUND: Disruptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important clinical problem, but its neural basis remains poorly understood. The current research aims to better understand the neural underpinnings of disruptive behavior in ASD, while addressing whether the neural basis is shared with or separable from that of core ASD symptoms. METHODS: Participants consisted of 48 male children and adolescents: 31 ASD (7 had high disruptive behavior) and 17 typically developing (TD) controls, well-matched on sex, age, and IQ. For ASD participants, autism symptom severity, disruptive behavior, anxiety symptoms, and ADHD symptoms were measured. All participants were scanned while viewing biological motion (BIO) and scrambled motion (SCR). Two fMRI contrasts were analyzed: social perception (BIO > SCR) and Default Mode Network (DMN) deactivation (fixation > BIO). Age and IQ were included as covariates of no interest in all analyses. RESULTS: First, the between-group analyses on BIO > SCR showed that ASD is characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry, and ASD with high or low disruptive behavior exhibited similar patterns of hypoactivation. Second, the between-group analyses on fixation > BIO showed that ASD with high disruptive behavior exhibited more restricted and less DMN deactivation, when compared to ASD with low disruptive behavior or TD. Third, the within-ASD analyses showed that (a) autism symptom severity (but not disruptive behavior) was uniquely associated with less activation in the social perception regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior frontal gyrus; (b) disruptive behavior (but not autism symptom severity) was uniquely associated with less DMN deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and lateral parietal cortex; and (c) anxiety symptoms mediated the link between disruptive behavior and less DMN deactivation in both anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and MPFC, while ADHD symptoms mediated the link primarily in ACC. CONCLUSIONS: In boys with ASD, disruptive behavior has a neural basis in reduced DMN deactivation, which is distinct and separable from that of core ASD symptoms, with the latter characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry. These differential neurobiological markers may potentially serve as neural targets or predictors for interventions when treating disruptive behavior vs. core symptoms in ASD. FAU - Yang, Y J Daniel AU - Yang YJ AD - Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, The George Washington University and Children's National Health System, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA ; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. FAU - Sukhodolsky, Denis G AU - Sukhodolsky DG AD - Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. FAU - Lei, Jiedi AU - Lei J AD - Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA ; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, WC1H 0AP UK. FAU - Dayan, Eran AU - Dayan E AD - Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FAU - Pelphrey, Kevin A AU - Pelphrey KA AD - Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, The George Washington University and Children's National Health System, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. FAU - Ventola, Pamela AU - Ventola P AD - Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. LA - eng GR - UL1 TR001863/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170117 PL - England TA - J Neurodev Disord JT - Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders JID - 101483832 PMC - PMC5240249 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ADHD OT - Anxiety disorders OT - Autism spectrum disorder OT - Comorbidity OT - Default mode network OT - Disruptive behavior OT - Neuroimaging OT - Oppositional defiant disorder OT - Social perception EDAT- 2017/01/25 06:00 MHDA- 2017/01/25 06:01 PMCR- 2017/01/17 CRDT- 2017/01/25 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/01/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/01/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/01/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/01/25 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2017/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 9183 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Neurodev Disord. 2017 Jan 17;9:1. doi: 10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z. eCollection 2017.