PMID- 28152052
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170821
LR  - 20190208
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017
TI  - Choline and methionine differentially alter methyl carbon metabolism in bovine 
      neonatal hepatocytes.
PG  - e0171080
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0171080 [doi]
LID - e0171080
AB  - Intersections in hepatic methyl group metabolism pathways highlights potential 
      competition or compensation of methyl donors. The objective of this experiment 
      was to examine the expression of genes related to methyl group transfer and lipid 
      metabolism in response to increasing concentrations of choline chloride (CC) and 
      DL-methionine (DLM) in primary neonatal hepatocytes that were or were not exposed 
      to fatty acids (FA). Primary hepatocytes isolated from 4 neonatal Holstein calves 
      were maintained as monolayer cultures for 24 h before treatment with CC (61, 128, 
      2028, and 4528 mumol/L) and DLM (16, 30, 100, 300 mumol/L), with or without a 1 
      mmol/L FA cocktail in a factorial arrangement. After 24 h of treatment, media was 
      collected for quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and very 
      low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and cell lysates were collected for 
      quantification of gene expression. No interactions were detected between CC, DLM, 
      or FA. Both CC and DLM decreased the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 
      1A (MAT1A). Increasing CC did not alter betaine-homocysteine S-methyltranferase 
      (BHMT) but did increase 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase 
      (MTR) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) expression. Increasing DLM 
      decreased expression of BHMT and MTR, but did not affect MTHFR. Expression of 
      both phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) and microsomal 
      triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) were decreased by increasing CC and DLM, 
      while carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) was unaffected by either. 
      Treatment with FA decreased the expression of MAT1A, MTR, MTHFR and tended to 
      decrease PEMT but did not affect BHMT and MTTP. Treatment with FA increased CPT1A 
      expression. Increasing CC increased secretion of VLDL and decreased the 
      accumulation of ROS in media. Within neonatal bovine hepatocytes, choline and 
      methionine differentially regulate methyl carbon pathways and suggest that 
      choline may play a critical role in donating methyl groups to support methionine 
      regeneration. Stimulating VLDL export and decreasing ROS accumulation suggests 
      that increasing CC is hepato-protective.
FAU - Chandler, Tawny L
AU  - Chandler TL
AD  - Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United 
      States of America.
FAU - White, Heather M
AU  - White HM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5449-2811
AD  - Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United 
      States of America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170202
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Lipoproteins, VLDL)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
RN  - AE28F7PNPL (Methionine)
RN  - N91BDP6H0X (Choline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Carbon/metabolism
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Choline/*metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Fatty Acids/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Gene Expression/drug effects
MH  - Hepatocytes/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Lipid Metabolism/drug effects/genetics
MH  - Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism
MH  - Metabolic Networks and Pathways/drug effects/genetics
MH  - Methionine/*metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Methylation
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
PMC - PMC5289486
COIS- HMW has received honorarium for presenting results of this research at 
      conferences or technical meetings organized or sponsored by Balchem Corporation. 
      TLC has declared no competing interests exist. This does not alter adherence to 
      PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
EDAT- 2017/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/22 06:00
PMCR- 2017/02/02
CRDT- 2017/02/03 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-16-31852 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0171080 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2017 Feb 2;12(2):e0171080. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171080. 
      eCollection 2017.