PMID- 28152987
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170913
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Feb 2
TI  - Trends and causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia during 1990-2013: findings 
      from the Global Burden of Diseases study 2013.
PG  - 160
LID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4071-8 [doi]
LID - 160
AB  - BACKGROUND: Maternal mortality is noticeably high in sub-Saharan African 
      countries including Ethiopia. Continuous nationwide systematic evaluation and 
      assessment of the problem helps to design appropriate policy and strategy in 
      Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the trends and causes of maternal 
      mortality in Ethiopia between 1990 and 2013. METHODS: We used the Global Burden 
      of Diseases and Risk factors (GBD) Study 2013 data that was collected from 
      multiple sources at national and subnational levels. Spatio-temporal Gaussian 
      Process Regression (ST-GPR) was applied to generate best estimates of maternal 
      mortality with 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UI). Causes of death were measured 
      using Cause of Death Ensemble modelling (CODEm). The modified UNAIDS EPP/SPECTRUM 
      suite model was used to estimate HIV related maternal deaths. RESULTS: In 
      Ethiopia, a total of 16,740 (95% UI: 14,197, 19,271) maternal deaths occurred in 
      1990 whereas there were 15,234 (95% UI: 11,378, 19,871) maternal deaths occurred 
      in 2013. This finding shows that Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in Ethiopia was 
      still high in the study period. There was a minimal but insignificant change of 
      MMR over the last 23 years. The results revealed Ethiopia is below the target of 
      Millennium Development Goals (MGDs) related to MMR. The top five causes of 
      maternal mortality in 2013 were other direct maternal causes such as 
      complications of anaesthesia, embolism (air, amniotic fluid, and blood clot), and 
      the condition of peripartum cardiomyopathy (25.7%), complications of abortions 
      (19.6%), maternal haemorrhage (12.2%), hypertensive disorders (10.3%), and 
      maternal sepsis and other maternal infections such as influenza, malaria, 
      tuberculosis, and hepatitis (9.6%). Most of the maternal mortality happened 
      during the postpartum period and majority of the deaths occurred at the age group 
      of 20-29 years. Overall trend showed that there was a decline from 708 per 
      100,000 live births in 1990 to 497 per 100,000 in 2013. The annual rate of change 
      over these years was -1.6 (95% UI: -2.8 to -0.3). CONCLUSION: The findings of the 
      study highlight the need for comprehensive efforts using multisectoral 
      collaborations from stakeholders for reducing maternal mortality in Ethiopia. It 
      is worthwhile for policies to focus on postpartum period.
FAU - Tessema, Gizachew Assefa
AU  - Tessema GA
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. 
      agizachew@gmail.com.
AD  - School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. 
      agizachew@gmail.com.
FAU - Laurence, Caroline O
AU  - Laurence CO
AD  - School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
FAU - Melaku, Yohannes Adama
AU  - Melaku YA
AD  - Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of 
      Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
AD  - School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
FAU - Misganaw, Awoke
AU  - Misganaw A
AD  - Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      USA.
FAU - Woldie, Sintayehu A
AU  - Woldie SA
AD  - Maternal and Child Health Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, 
      Ethiopia.
FAU - Hiruye, Abiye
AU  - Hiruye A
AD  - Maternal and Child Health Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, 
      Ethiopia.
FAU - Amare, Azmeraw T
AU  - Amare AT
AD  - School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
AD  - College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, 
      Ethiopia.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Lakew, Yihunie
AU  - Lakew Y
AD  - Ethiopian Public Health Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
FAU - Zeleke, Berihun M
AU  - Zeleke BM
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
FAU - Deribew, Amare
AU  - Deribew A
AD  - Population KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
AD  - Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
AD  - St. Paul Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170202
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cause of Death
MH  - Child
MH  - Ethiopia/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Global Burden of Disease/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Maternal Mortality
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5290608
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ethiopia
OT  - Global Burden of Diseases
OT  - Maternal mortality
OT  - Trends
EDAT- 2017/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/14 06:00
PMCR- 2017/02/02
CRDT- 2017/02/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4071-8 [pii]
AID - 4071 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4071-8 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2017 Feb 2;17(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4071-8.