PMID- 28157380
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170809
LR  - 20240325
IS  - 1557-8992 (Electronic)
IS  - 1044-5463 (Print)
IS  - 1044-5463 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - Omega-3 Fatty Acid Plasma Levels Before and After Supplementation: Correlations 
      with Mood and Clinical Outcomes in the Omega-3 and Therapy Studies.
PG  - 223-233
LID - 10.1089/cap.2016.0123 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine fatty acid profiles, their response to omega-3 fatty acid 
      (Omega3) supplementation, and associations with clinical status and treatment 
      response in youth with mood disorders. METHODS: In a placebo-controlled 2X2 
      design, 7-14 year-olds (N = 95) in parallel pilot trials (depression N = 72; 
      bipolar N = 23) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of Omega3 supplementation (1.4 g 
      eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA], 0.2 g docosahexaenoic acid [DHA], and 0.27 g other 
      Omega3 per day); psychoeducational psychotherapy (PEP); their combination; or placebo 
      (mainly oleic and linoleic acid) alone. Blood was drawn at baseline (N = 90) and 
      endpoint (n = 65). Fatty acid levels were expressed as percent of total plasma 
      fatty acids. Correlational and moderator/mediator analyses were done with SPSS 
      Statistics 23. RESULTS: At baseline: (1) DHA correlated negatively with 
      alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (r = -0.23, p = 0.029); (2) Arachidonic acid (AA, Omega6) 
      correlated negatively with global functioning (r = -0.24, p = 0.022); (3) Total 
      Omega3 correlated negatively with age (r = -0.22, p = 0.036) and diastolic blood 
      pressure (r = -0.31, p = 0.006). Moderation: Baseline ALA moderated response to 
      Omega3 supplementation: ALA levels above the sample mean (lower DHA) predicted 
      significantly better placebo-controlled response (p = 0.04). Supplementation 
      effects: Compared to placebo, 2 g Omega3 per day increased EPA blood levels sevenfold 
      and DHA levels by half (both p < 0.001). Body weight correlated inversely with 
      increased EPA (r = -0.52, p = 0.004) and DHA (r = -0.54, p = 0.003) and 
      positively with clinical mood response. Mediation: EPA increase 
      baseline-to-endpoint mediated placebo-controlled global function and depression 
      improvement: the greater the EPA increase, the less the placebo-controlled Omega3 
      improvement. CONCLUSION: Omega3 supplementation at 2 g/day increases blood levels 
      substantially, more so in smaller children. A possible U-shaped response curve 
      should be explored.
FAU - Arnold, L Eugene
AU  - Arnold LE
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
FAU - Young, Andrea S
AU  - Young AS
AD  - 2 Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland.
FAU - Belury, Martha A
AU  - Belury MA
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
AD  - 3 Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio.
FAU - Cole, Rachel M
AU  - Cole RM
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
AD  - 2 Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland.
FAU - Gracious, Barbara
AU  - Gracious B
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
AD  - 4 Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.
FAU - Seidenfeld, Adina M
AU  - Seidenfeld AM
AD  - 5 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware , 
      Newark, Delaware.
FAU - Wolfson, Hannah
AU  - Wolfson H
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
FAU - Fristad, Mary A
AU  - Fristad MA
AD  - 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University , 
      Columbus, Ohio.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20170203
PL  - United States
TA  - J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol
JT  - Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
JID - 9105358
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3)
RN  - 0RBV727H71 (alpha-Linolenic Acid)
RN  - 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids)
RN  - 27YG812J1I (Arachidonic Acid)
RN  - AAN7QOV9EA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Arachidonic Acid/blood
MH  - Child
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Docosahexaenoic Acids/blood
MH  - Eicosapentaenoic Acid/blood
MH  - Fatty Acids/blood
MH  - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*blood/*therapeutic use
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Mood Disorders/*drug therapy/psychology
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Psychotherapy
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - alpha-Linolenic Acid/blood
PMC - PMC5397211
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - mediation
OT  - moderation
OT  - mood disorders
OT  - omega-3 fatty acids
OT  - plasma levels
OT  - supplementation as treatment
EDAT- 2017/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/10 06:00
PMCR- 2018/04/01
CRDT- 2017/02/04 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1089/cap.2016.0123 [pii]
AID - 10.1089/cap.2016.0123 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2017 Apr;27(3):223-233. doi: 
      10.1089/cap.2016.0123. Epub 2017 Feb 3.