PMID- 28163694
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1664-2295 (Print)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2017
TI  - Hand-to-Face Remapping But No Differences in Temporal Discrimination Observed on 
      the Intact Hand Following Unilateral Upper Limb Amputation.
PG  - 8
LID - 10.3389/fneur.2017.00008 [doi]
LID - 8
AB  - Unilateral major limb amputation causes changes in sensory perception. Changes 
      may occur within not only the residual limb but also the intact limb as well as 
      the brain. We tested the hypothesis that limb amputation may result in the 
      detection of hand sensation during stimulation of a non-limb-related body region. 
      We further investigated the responses of unilateral upper limb amputees and 
      individuals with all limbs intact to temporally based sensory tactile testing of 
      the fingertips to test the hypothesis that changes in sensory perception also 
      have an effect on the intact limb. Upper extremity amputees were assessed for the 
      presence of referred sensations (RSs)-experiencing feelings in the missing limb 
      when a different body region is stimulated, to determine changes within the brain 
      that occur due to an amputation. Eight of 19 amputees (42.1%) experienced RS in 
      the phantom limb with manual tactile mapping on various regions of the face. 
      There was no correlation between whether someone had phantom sensations or 
      phantom limb pain and where RS was found. Six of the amputees had either phantom 
      sensation or pain in addition to RS induced by facial stimulation. Results from 
      the tactile testing showed that there were no significant differences in the 
      accuracy of participants in the temporal order judgment tasks (p = 0.702), 
      whereby participants selected the digit that was tapped first by a tracking 
      paradigm that resulted in correct answers leading to shorter interstimulus 
      intervals (ISIs) and incorrect answers increasing the ISI. There were also no 
      significant differences in timing perception, i.e., the threshold accuracy of the 
      duration discrimination task (p = 0.727), in which participants tracked which of 
      the two digits received a longer stimulus. We conclude that many, but not all, 
      unilateral upper limb amputees experience phantom hand sensation and/or pain with 
      stimulation of the face, suggesting that there could be postamputation changes in 
      neuronal circuitry in somatosensory cortex. However, major unilateral limb 
      amputation does not lead to changes in temporal order judgment or timing 
      perception tasks administered via the tactile modality of the intact hand in 
      upper limb amputees.
FAU - Collins, Kassondra L
AU  - Collins KL
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 
      TN, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health 
      Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
FAU - McKean, Danielle L
AU  - McKean DL
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, 
      TN , USA.
FAU - Huff, Katherine
AU  - Huff K
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, 
      TN , USA.
FAU - Tommerdahl, Mark
AU  - Tommerdahl M
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 
      , Chapel Hill, NC , USA.
FAU - Favorov, Oleg Vyacheslavovich
AU  - Favorov OV
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 
      , Chapel Hill, NC , USA.
FAU - Waters, Robert S
AU  - Waters RS
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science 
      Center , Memphis, TN , USA.
FAU - Tsao, Jack W
AU  - Tsao JW
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 
      TN, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health 
      Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le 
      Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170120
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurol
JT  - Frontiers in neurology
JID - 101546899
PMC - PMC5247470
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - amputation
OT  - phantom limb
OT  - referred sensation
OT  - reorganization
OT  - somatosensory
OT  - tactile discrimination
EDAT- 2017/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/07 06:01
PMCR- 2017/01/20
CRDT- 2017/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fneur.2017.00008 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurol. 2017 Jan 20;8:8. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00008. eCollection 2017.