PMID- 28205500
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180220
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1469-7661 (Electronic)
IS  - 1355-6177 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Feb
TI  - Primary Motor Cortex Excitability Is Modulated During the Mental Simulation of 
      Hand Movement.
PG  - 185-193
LID - 10.1017/S1355617717000029 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: It is unclear whether the primary motor cortex (PMC) is involved in 
      the mental simulation of movement [i.e., motor imagery (MI)]. The present study 
      aimed to clarify PMC involvement using a highly novel adaptation of the hand 
      laterality task (HLT). METHODS: Participants were administered single-pulse 
      transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the hand area of the left PMC (hPMC) 
      at either 50 ms, 400 ms, or 650 ms post stimulus presentation. Motor-evoked 
      potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous via 
      electromyography. To avoid the confound of gross motor response, participant 
      response (indicating left or right hand) was recorded via eye tracking. 
      Participants were 22 healthy adults (18 to 36 years), 16 whose behavioral profile 
      on the HLT was consistent with the use of a MI strategy (MI users). RESULTS: hPMC 
      excitability increased significantly during HLT performance for MI users, 
      evidenced by significantly larger right hand MEPs following single-pulse TMS 50 
      ms, 400 ms, and 650 ms post stimulus presentation relative to baseline. 
      Subsequent analysis showed that hPMC excitability was greater for more complex 
      simulated hand movements, where hand MEPs at 50 ms were larger for 
      biomechanically awkward movements (i.e., hands requiring lateral rotation) 
      compared to simpler movements (i.e., hands requiring medial rotation). 
      CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for the modulation of PMC 
      excitability during the HLT attributable to MI, and may indicate a role for the 
      PMC during MI. (JINS, 2017, 23, 185-193).
FAU - Hyde, Christian
AU  - Hyde C
AD  - 1Cognitive Neuroscience Unit,School of Psychology,Deakin 
      University,Geelong,Australia.
FAU - Fuelscher, Ian
AU  - Fuelscher I
AD  - 1Cognitive Neuroscience Unit,School of Psychology,Deakin 
      University,Geelong,Australia.
FAU - Lum, Jarrad A G
AU  - Lum JA
AD  - 1Cognitive Neuroscience Unit,School of Psychology,Deakin 
      University,Geelong,Australia.
FAU - Williams, Jacqueline
AU  - Williams J
AD  - 2Institute of Sport,Exercise and Active Living,Victoria 
      University,Melbourne,Australia.
FAU - He, Jason
AU  - He J
AD  - 1Cognitive Neuroscience Unit,School of Psychology,Deakin 
      University,Geelong,Australia.
FAU - Enticott, Peter G
AU  - Enticott PG
AD  - 1Cognitive Neuroscience Unit,School of Psychology,Deakin 
      University,Geelong,Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Int Neuropsychol Soc
JT  - Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
JID - 9503760
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological/*physiology
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Electromyography
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Functional Laterality
MH  - Hand/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Imagination/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Cortex/*physiology
MH  - Movement/*physiology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Photic Stimulation
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - MEP
OT  - Corticospinal excitability
OT  - Hand laterality task
OT  - Hand rotation task
OT  - Motor cognition
OT  - Motor imagery
OT  - TMS
EDAT- 2017/02/17 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/21 06:00
CRDT- 2017/02/17 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/02/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1355617717000029 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S1355617717000029 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2017 Feb;23(2):185-193. doi: 10.1017/S1355617717000029.