PMID- 28215897 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170518 LR - 20170518 IS - 1525-3198 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0302 (Linking) VI - 100 IP - 4 DP - 2017 Apr TI - Effects of body condition, monensin, and essential oils on ruminal lipopolysaccharide concentration, inflammatory markers, and endoplasmatic reticulum stress of transition dairy cows. PG - 2751-2764 LID - S0022-0302(17)30144-3 [pii] LID - 10.3168/jds.2016-11819 [doi] AB - Evidence exists that dairy cows experience inflammatory-like phenomena in the transition period. Rumen health and alterations in metabolic processes and gene networks in the liver as the central metabolic organ might be key factors for cows' health and productivity in early lactation. This study made use of an animal model to generate experimental groups with different manifestations of postpartal fat mobilization and ketogenesis. In total, 60 German Holstein cows were allocated 6 wk antepartum to 3 high-body condition score (BCS) groups (BCS 3.95) and 1 low-BCS group (LC; BCS 2.77). High-BCS cows were fed an antepartal forage-to-concentrate ratio of 40:60 on dry matter basis, in contrast to 80:20 in the LC group, and received a monensin controlled-release capsule (HC/MO), a blend of essential oils (HC/EO), or formed a control group (HC). We evaluated serum haptoglobin, kynurenine, tryptophan, ruminal lipopolysaccharide concentration and mRNA abundance of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and endoplasmatic reticulum stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) target genes in liver biopsy samples from d -42 until +56 relative to calving. Nearly all parameters were highly dependent on time, with greatest variation near calving. The ruminal lipopolysaccharide concentration and evaluated target genes were not generally influenced by antepartal BCS and feeding management. The kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio was higher in LC than in HC/MO treatment on d 7. Ruminal lipopolysaccharide concentration was higher in HC/MO than in the HC group, but not increased in HC/EO group. Abundance of UPR target gene X-box binding protein 1 was higher in HC/MO than in HC/EO group on d 7. Hepatic mRNA abundance of Nrf2 target gene glutathione peroxidase 3 was higher, whereas expression of NF-kappaB target gene haptoglobin tended to be higher in LC than in HC/EO cows. The HC/MO cows showed the most prominent increase in the abundance of glutathione peroxidase 3 and haptoglobin after calving in comparison to antepartal values. Results indicate the presence of inflammatory-like phenomena near calving. Simultaneously, alterations in UPR and Nrf2 target genes with antioxidative properties and haptoglobin occurred, being most prominent in LC and HC/MO group. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Drong, C AU - Drong C AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Buhler, S AU - Buhler S AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: Susanne.Buehler@fli.de. FAU - Frahm, J AU - Frahm J AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Huther, L AU - Huther L AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Meyer, U AU - Meyer U AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - von Soosten, D AU - von Soosten D AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. FAU - Gessner, D K AU - Gessner DK AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany. FAU - Eder, K AU - Eder K AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany. FAU - Sauerwein, H AU - Sauerwein H AD - Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany. FAU - Danicke, S AU - Danicke S AD - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170216 PL - United States TA - J Dairy Sci JT - Journal of dairy science JID - 2985126R RN - 0 (Oils, Volatile) RN - 906O0YJ6ZP (Monensin) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cattle MH - Diet/veterinary MH - Female MH - Lactation MH - Milk/chemistry MH - Monensin/*pharmacology MH - Oils, Volatile/*pharmacology MH - Reticulum MH - Rumen/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - endoplasmatic reticulum stress OT - essential oils OT - inflammation OT - monensin EDAT- 2017/02/22 06:00 MHDA- 2017/05/19 06:00 CRDT- 2017/02/21 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/12/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/02/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/05/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/02/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0022-0302(17)30144-3 [pii] AID - 10.3168/jds.2016-11819 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dairy Sci. 2017 Apr;100(4):2751-2764. doi: 10.3168/jds.2016-11819. Epub 2017 Feb 16.