PMID- 28236751
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171009
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1973-8102 (Electronic)
IS  - 0010-9452 (Linking)
VI  - 89
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - Perirhinal cortex tracks degree of recent as well as cumulative lifetime 
      experience with object concepts.
PG  - 61-70
LID - S0010-9452(17)30029-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.01.015 [doi]
AB  - Evidence from numerous sources indicates that recognition of the prior occurrence 
      of objects requires computations of perirhinal cortex (PrC) in the medial 
      temporal lobe (MTL). Extant research has primarily probed recognition memory 
      based on item exposure in a recent experimental study episode. Outside the 
      laboratory, however, familiarity for objects typically accrues gradually with 
      learning across many different episodic contexts, which can be distributed over a 
      lifetime of experience. It is currently unknown whether PrC also tracks this 
      cumulative lifetime experience with object concepts. To address this issue, we 
      conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment in healthy 
      individuals in which we compared judgments of the perceived lifetime familiarity 
      with object concepts, a task that has previously been employed in many normative 
      studies on concept knowledge, with frequency judgments for recent laboratory 
      exposure in a study phase. Guided by neurophysiological data showing that neurons 
      in primate PrC signal prior object exposure at multiple time scales, we predicted 
      that PrC responses would track perceived prior experience in both types of 
      judgments. Left PrC and a number of cortical regions that are often co-activated 
      as part of the default-mode network showed an increase in Blood-Oxygen-Level 
      Dependent (BOLD) response in relation to increases in the perceived cumulative 
      lifetime familiarity of object concepts. These regions included the left 
      hippocampus, left mid-lateral temporal cortex, as well as anterior and posterior 
      cortical midline structures. Critically, left PrC was found to be the only region 
      that showed this response in combination with the typically observed decrease in 
      signal for perceived recent exposure in the experimental study phase. These 
      findings provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence that ties signals in human 
      PrC to variations in cumulative lifetime experience with object concepts. They 
      offer a new link between the role of PrC in recognition memory and its broader 
      role in conceptual processing.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Duke, Devin
AU  - Duke D
AD  - Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, Western University, 
      London, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Martin, Chris B
AU  - Martin CB
AD  - Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, Western University, 
      London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 
      Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Bowles, Ben
AU  - Bowles B
AD  - Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, Western University, 
      London, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - McRae, Ken
AU  - McRae K
AD  - Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, Western University, 
      London, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Kohler, Stefan
AU  - Kohler S
AD  - Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, Western University, 
      London, Ontario, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, 
      Canada. Electronic address: stefank@uwo.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170131
PL  - Italy
TA  - Cortex
JT  - Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior
JID - 0100725
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain Mapping/methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - *Memory, Episodic
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Perirhinal Cortex/diagnostic imaging/*physiology
MH  - Photic Stimulation
MH  - Recognition, Psychology/*physiology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Autobiographical memory
OT  - Hippocampus
OT  - Recognition memory
OT  - Semantic memory
OT  - fMRI
EDAT- 2017/02/27 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/11 06:00
CRDT- 2017/02/26 06:00
PHST- 2016/02/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/01/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/26 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0010-9452(17)30029-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.01.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cortex. 2017 Apr;89:61-70. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.01.015. Epub 2017 Jan 31.