PMID- 28238909
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170424
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1879-0003 (Electronic)
IS  - 0141-8130 (Linking)
VI  - 99
DP  - 2017 Jun
TI  - Apple Polysaccharide inhibits microbial dysbiosis and chronic inflammation and 
      modulates gut permeability in HFD-fed rats.
PG  - 282-292
LID - S0141-8130(16)31484-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074 [doi]
AB  - The saying "An apple a day keeps the doctor away" has been known for over 150 
      years, and numerous studies have shown that apple consumption is closely 
      associated with reduced risks of chronic diseases. It has been well accepted that 
      dysbiosis is the reflection of various chronic diseases. Therefore, this study 
      investigates the effects of apple polysaccharides (AP) on gut dysbiosis. High-fat 
      diet (HFD) fed rats were treated for 14 weeks with AP. The microbiota 
      composition, microbiota-generated short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), gut 
      permeability and chronic inflammation were analyzed. AP treatment showed higher 
      abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus while lower Firmicutes and 
      Fusobacteium. AP significantly increased total SCFAs level that contributed by 
      acetic acid and isobutyric acid. Moreover, AP dramatically alleviated 
      dysbiosis-associated gut permeability and chronic inflammation with decreased 
      plasma LBP, up-regulation of Occludin, down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor a 
      (TNF-a), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL-1) and 
      interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta). The potential mechanism is due to the fact that AP 
      reduces gut permeability, which involves the induction of autophagy in goblet 
      cells. Therefore, AP exerts health benefits through inhibiting gut dysbiosis and 
      chronic inflammation and modulating gut permeability in HFD-induced dysbiosis 
      rats.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Sheng
AU  - Wang S
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      wang1986sheng@163.com.
FAU - Li, Qian
AU  - Li Q
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical 
      University, Xi'an, 710032, China. Electronic address: hbnuliqian@yahoo.com.cn.
FAU - Zang, Yue
AU  - Zang Y
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      869275007@qq.com.
FAU - Zhao, Yang
AU  - Zhao Y
AD  - Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 
      2042, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: 183034355@qq.com.
FAU - Liu, Nan
AU  - Liu N
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      272430796@qq.com.
FAU - Wang, Yifei
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      279695361@qq.com.
FAU - Xu, Xiaotao
AU  - Xu X
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      594045591@qq.com.
FAU - Liu, Li
AU  - Liu L
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      liuli1129@hotmail.com.
FAU - Mei, Qibing
AU  - Mei Q
AD  - China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China; State 
      Key Laboratory of New Drug & Pharmaceutial process, Shanghai Institute of 
      Pharmaceutial Industry, Shanghai, 200437, China. Electronic address: 
      qibingmei@126.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170224
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Biol Macromol
JT  - International journal of biological macromolecules
JID - 7909578
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Polysaccharides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Diet, High-Fat/*adverse effects
MH  - Dysbiosis/*drug therapy/*metabolism/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Fatty Acids/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Goblet Cells/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Inflammation/chemically induced/drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects/*metabolism/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Intestines/*drug effects/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Malus/*chemistry
MH  - Microbiota/drug effects
MH  - Permeability/drug effects
MH  - Polysaccharides/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apple polysaccharide
OT  - Goblet cells
OT  - Gut dysbiosis
EDAT- 2017/02/28 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/25 06:00
CRDT- 2017/02/28 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/02/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/28 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0141-8130(16)31484-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Biol Macromol. 2017 Jun;99:282-292. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074. 
      Epub 2017 Feb 24.