PMID- 28247231
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170815
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1936-0568 (Electronic)
IS  - 1936-055X (Print)
IS  - 1936-055X (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Mar
TI  - Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of 
      Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the 
      Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space.
PG  - 23-32
LID - 10.1007/s12105-017-0788-z [doi]
AB  - Chapter 3 "Tumours of the hypopharynx, larynx, trachea, and parapharyngeal space" 
      of the World Health Organization (WHO) Blue Book 2017 "Classification of Head and 
      Neck Tumours" shows a shortened list of entities, especially due to reducing the 
      number of benign and malignant soft tissue tumours, malignant melanoma and some 
      others, which are transferred to more frequently affected regions of the head and 
      neck. The basic concept of the new edition is to assimilate all advances 
      concerning the discussed tumours in a shorter framework, appropriate for daily 
      work. The main emphasis is on the most frequent lesions and tumors originating 
      from the covering squamous epithelium. Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal conventional 
      squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), its variants and precursor lesions, occupy a 
      major part of the chapter. New data on etiopathogenesis, with the focus on human 
      papillomavirus (HPV) infection, are discussed in relation to the entities of the 
      squamous epithelium. Although only a small fraction of these lesions are 
      HPV-related, further studies are required for evaluation of the potential 
      prognostic and therapeutic benefit of mRNA HPV determination. In contrast to 
      earlier data, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal verrucous SCC, spindle cell SCC and 
      basaloid SCC are not anymore considered as HPV-related tumours. New data on the 
      pathogenesis of spindle cell SCC exhibiting divergent differentiation by 
      epithelial-mesenchymal transition, are also briefly discussed. The most important 
      innovation is brought by the section on precursor lesions, in which a unified 
      two-tier classification, consisting of low- and high-grade dysplasia, is 
      introduced. The proposed two-tier system can also be transformed into a 
      three-tier classification for treatment purposes, with a distinction between 
      carcinoma in situ and high-grade dysplasia. The reviewed morphological criteria 
      of the proposed system are based on the amended Ljubljana classification. The 
      section on laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) represents a considerable 
      improvement in terminology and classification. NEC are divided into well-, 
      moderate- and poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The latter is 
      additionally divided into small cell NEC and large cell NEC (LCNEC). It is of 
      extreme importance that LCNEC, which was associated in the WHO 2005 edition with 
      atypical carcinoid/moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, grade II, 
      has now been transferred into the group of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III, 
      displaying a specific morphology and poorer prognosis.
FAU - Gale, Nina
AU  - Gale N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8921-5109
AD  - Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 
      2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. nina.gale@mf.uni-lj.si.
FAU - Poljak, Mario
AU  - Poljak M
AD  - Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of 
      Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Zidar, Nina
AU  - Zidar N
AD  - Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 
      2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170228
PL  - United States
TA  - Head Neck Pathol
JT  - Head and neck pathology
JID - 101304010
SB  - IM
MH  - Carcinoma/*classification/pathology
MH  - Head and Neck Neoplasms/*classification/pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/*classification/pathology
MH  - Laryngeal Neoplasms/*classification/pathology
MH  - Tracheal Neoplasms/*classification
MH  - World Health Organization
PMC - PMC5340729
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Conventional squamous cell carcinoma
OT  - HPV infection
OT  - Larynx
OT  - Neuroendocrine carcinomas
OT  - Precursor lesions, classification
OT  - Variants of conventional squamous cell carcinoma
COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/03/02 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/16 06:00
PMCR- 2018/02/28
CRDT- 2017/03/02 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/03/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/03/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s12105-017-0788-z [pii]
AID - 788 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s12105-017-0788-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Head Neck Pathol. 2017 Mar;11(1):23-32. doi: 10.1007/s12105-017-0788-z. Epub 2017 
      Feb 28.