PMID- 28282481
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170621
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1534-7362 (Electronic)
IS  - 1534-7362 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Mar 1
TI  - Spatial attention alleviates temporal crowding, but neither temporal nor spatial 
      uncertainty are necessary for the emergence of temporal crowding.
PG  - 9
LID - 10.1167/17.3.9 [doi]
AB  - Recently, we demonstrated temporal crowding with normal observers: Target 
      identification was impaired when it was surrounded by other stimuli in time, even 
      when the interstimuli intervals (ISIs) were relatively long. Here, we examined 
      whether temporal and spatial uncertainties play a critical role in the emergence 
      of temporal crowding. We presented a sequence of three letters to the same 
      peripheral location, right or left of fixation, separated by varying ISI (106-459 
      ms). One of these letters was the target, and the observers indicated its 
      orientation. To eliminate temporal uncertainty, the position of the target within 
      the sequence was fixed for an entire block (Experiment 1). To eliminate spatial 
      uncertainty, we employed spatial attentional precues that indicated the letters' 
      location. The precue was either auditory (Experiment 2) or visual (Experiment 3). 
      We found temporal crowding to result in worse performance with shorter ISIs, even 
      when there was no temporal or spatial uncertainty. Unlike the auditory cue, the 
      visual cue affected performance. Specifically, when there was uncertainty 
      regarding the target location (i.e., when the target appeared in the first 
      display), precueing the target location improved overall performance and reduced 
      the ISI effect, although it was not completely eliminated. These results suggest 
      that temporal and spatial uncertainties are not necessary for the emergence of 
      temporal crowding and that spatial attention can reduce temporal crowding.
FAU - Tkacz-Domb, Shira
AU  - Tkacz-Domb S
AD  - Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 
      Israelshirtzi@yahoo.comhttp://iipdm.haifa.ac.il.
FAU - Yeshurun, Yaffa
AU  - Yeshurun Y
AD  - Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 
      Israelyeshurun@research.haifa.ac.ilhttp://iipdm.haifa.ac.il.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Vis
JT  - Journal of vision
JID - 101147197
SB  - IM
MH  - Attention/*physiology
MH  - *Crowding
MH  - Humans
MH  - Orientation/*physiology
MH  - Pattern Recognition, Visual/*physiology
MH  - Space Perception/*physiology
MH  - *Uncertainty
EDAT- 2017/03/11 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/22 06:00
CRDT- 2017/03/11 06:00
PHST- 2017/03/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/03/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - 2611262 [pii]
AID - 10.1167/17.3.9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Vis. 2017 Mar 1;17(3):9. doi: 10.1167/17.3.9.