PMID- 28282624
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170531
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 177
DP  - 2017 Jun
TI  - Immunotoxicity of organophosphate flame retardants TPHP and TDCIPP on murine 
      dendritic cells in vitro.
PG  - 56-64
LID - S0045-6535(17)30338-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.149 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are commonly used as alternatives for the 
      banned polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and are ubiquitously detected in 
      indoor dust. PFRs can be potentially hazardous to respiratory health via the 
      inhalation of house dust. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in the immunological 
      defense against pathogens in the airways. In respiratory allergy however, an 
      aberrant immune response is induced against innocuous proteins, like house dust 
      mite allergens. In this study, we examined whether exposure to PFRs 
      Triphenylphosphate (TPHP) and Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) 
      affected activation/maturation of DCs at steady state and during exposure to 
      house dust mite allergens (HDM). Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were 
      exposed to a concentration range of each PFR (0.1-100 muM) with or without HDM 
      in vitro to analyze the effect on the expression of major histocompatibility 
      complex class II (MHCII), co-stimulatory molecules and cytokine production. 
      Concentrations of TPHP and TDCIPP of >/=50 muM were cytotoxic to BMDCs. At these 
      cytotoxic concentrations, TPHP exposure induced an activated phenotype in steady 
      state DCs, while HDM exposed DCs acquired a tolerogenic phenotype. In contrast, 
      TDCIPP exposure had no effect at steady state DCs but suppressed the expression 
      of MHCII, costimulatory molecules, and the IL-6 production in HDM exposed DCs. 
      The cytotoxic concentrations induced the anti-oxidant enzyme hemeoxigenase-1, 
      which is a marker for oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that PFRs can 
      be immunotoxic for DCs and suggest the necessity to evaluate the effects on the 
      immune system on a cellular level during the risk assessment of these alternative 
      flame retardants.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Canbaz, Derya
AU  - Canbaz D
AD  - Dept of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of 
      Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, The Netherlands.
FAU - Logiantara, Adrian
AU  - Logiantara A
AD  - Dept of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of 
      Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, The Netherlands.
FAU - van Ree, Ronald
AU  - van Ree R
AD  - Dept of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of 
      Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, The Netherlands; Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, 
      Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - van Rijt, Leonie S
AU  - van Rijt LS
AD  - Dept of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of 
      Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, The Netherlands. Electronic address: 
      l.s.vanrijt@amc.uva.nl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170228
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class II)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Phosphates)
RN  - YZE19Z66EA (triphenyl phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/adverse effects
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antioxidants/chemistry
MH  - Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects
MH  - Dendritic Cells/drug effects
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Female
MH  - Flame Retardants/*toxicity
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*toxicity
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/chemistry
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Interleukin-6/chemistry
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Phenotype
MH  - Phosphates/toxicity
MH  - Pyroglyphidae
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Allergy
OT  - Dendritic cells
OT  - House dust mite
OT  - Phosphorus flame retardants
EDAT- 2017/03/11 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/01 06:00
CRDT- 2017/03/11 06:00
PHST- 2016/11/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/02/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/03/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/03/11 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(17)30338-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.149 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2017 Jun;177:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.149. Epub 
      2017 Feb 28.