PMID- 28299159
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200929
IS  - 2038-9922 (Print)
IS  - 2038-9930 (Electronic)
IS  - 2038-9922 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Dec 31
TI  - Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Community-based Sample with Neurodevelopmental 
      Problems in Lagos, Nigeria.
PG  - 559
LID - 10.4081/jphia.2016.559 [doi]
LID - 559
AB  - Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a globally prevalent neurodevelopmental 
      disorder for which early diagnosis and intervention is the mainstay of 
      management. In the African continent, limited data is available regarding the 
      non-clinic based samples. Lack of information available to caregivers and 
      inadequate skilled manpower often limit early detection and access to the few 
      available though under resourced services in the community. Community based 
      screening can be an important drive to create awareness and improve information 
      dissemination regarding services available for those living with this disorder. 
      This is a descriptive cross-sectional study utilizing data obtained from 
      participants of a community-based autism screening exercise. The surveillance 
      exercise was part of the annual Orange Ribbon initiative for autism awareness and 
      screening held in 2014. Data was obtained from 85 participants involved in the 
      Autism Surveillance screening exercise within the Lagos community. Community 
      public service radio announcements state wide and word of mouth were used to 
      invite and enroll eligible participants to the screening and consultation 
      exercise. A second stage screening and a brief sociodemographic questionnaire 
      followed by a third stage clinical interview and evaluation using the Diagnostic 
      and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5 Edition (DSM 5) were used. 
      Appropriate consultation and referrals to services in the community were given. 
      Participants had a mean age of 7.53 years (SD 4.35). Twenty-nine (34.5%) met the 
      diagnosis of ASD. Other diagnosis included attention deficit hyperactivity 
      disorder (ADHD), language and speech disorder, intellectual disability (8.3%) and 
      learning disorders (9.5%). Main health concerns to caregivers were poor language 
      development in all (100%), of which 11 (40.7%) were non-verbal; gaze avoidance 
      was seen in 14 (48.3%) and challenging behavior in 12 (42.9%). Comorbidities 
      included seizure disorders (3.4%) and ADHD (6.9%). Persons with autism had 
      history of ASD behavior more often when compared to the other neurodevelopmental 
      disorders and these findings were statistically significant. Referrals were given 
      to caregivers to engage in services within the community. As seen in this study, 
      community understanding of ASD is poor in such locations, in which many persons 
      with other neurodevelopmental disorders are often presented as having autism. 
      Caregivers in the study location are distressed by many symptoms associated with 
      autism and their comorbid conditions. Currently there is an evident role for 
      frequent large scale community based screening and autism awareness exercises 
      possibly using inter-sectoral collaboration as a strategy.
FAU - Oshodi, Yewande O
AU  - Oshodi YO
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Olagunju, Andrew T
AU  - Olagunju AT
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Oyelohunnu, Motunrayo A
AU  - Oyelohunnu MA
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Campbell, Elizabeth A
AU  - Campbell EA
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Umeh, Charles S
AU  - Umeh CS
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Aina, Olatunji F
AU  - Aina OF
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Oyibo, Wellington
AU  - Oyibo W
AD  - Departments of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Lagos , 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Lesi, Folusho E A
AU  - Lesi FE
AD  - Departments of Pediatrics, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
FAU - Adeyemi, Joseph D
AU  - Adeyemi JD
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry, University of Lagos , Nigeria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170117
PL  - Italy
TA  - J Public Health Afr
JT  - Journal of public health in Africa
JID - 101586943
PMC - PMC5345404
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Africa
OT  - Autism
OT  - Community
OT  - Neurodevelopmental disorders
COIS- Conflict of interest: the authors declare no potential conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/17 06:01
PMCR- 2017/01/17
CRDT- 2017/03/17 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/03/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4081/jphia.2016.559 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Public Health Afr. 2017 Jan 17;7(2):559. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2016.559. 
      eCollection 2016 Dec 31.