PMID- 28314391
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170404
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1473
DP  - 2016 Nov 18
TI  - Trace determination of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in 
      environmental samples (surface water, wastewater, biota, sediments, and sewage 
      sludge) using liquid chromatography - Orbitrap mass spectrometry.
PG  - 109-121
LID - S0021-9673(16)31426-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.060 [doi]
AB  - An analytical method was established and validated for the analysis of the most 
      frequently monitored representatives among the group of perfluorinated compounds 
      (PFAS), namely, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and prefluorooctane sulfonate 
      (PFOS) in environmental samples (surface water, wastewater, sediments, sewage 
      sludge, and biota). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to 
      Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Orbitrap-MS) employing a heated electrospray 
      ionization (HESI) interface operated in negative mode was used for the 
      quantitative determination of these contaminants. HPLC separation of analytes was 
      achieved using a reversed phase C18 (RP-C18) analytical column. The efficiency of 
      various solid phase extraction (SPE) columns for the pre-concentration and 
      clean-up as well as the performance of different ionization sources and detection 
      modes for the instrumental determination were evaluated. The validation results 
      indicate recoveries of analytes between 88 and 116%, while the intra-day and 
      inter-day precision parameters in terms of relative standard deviations (RSDs) 
      were in the range of 1.0-5.9% and 1.5-7.3%, respectively. The measured values for 
      certified reference material (CRM) agreed with the provided reference values, 
      revealing the accuracy of obtained concentrations in the range of 107-108%. The 
      trueness of the method was verified by a successful participation in a 
      proficiency testing (PT) program. These performance characteristics of the method 
      permit reliable monitoring of PFOS and its derivatives in environmental samples 
      according to the environmental quality standard (EQS) criteria regarding the 
      maximum allowable concentrations and taking into account the annual average 
      concentrations stated in Directive 2013/39/EU. The elaborated method was applied 
      for the routine analysis of selected PFAS in environmental samples from the 
      Baltic region.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zacs, D
AU  - Zacs D
AD  - Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, 
      Riga LV-1076, Latvia. Electronic address: dzintars.zachs@gmail.com.
FAU - Bartkevics, V
AU  - Bartkevics V
AD  - Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, 
      Riga LV-1076, Latvia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161026
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Caprylates)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 947VD76D3L (perfluorooctanoic acid)
RN  - 9H2MAI21CL (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkanesulfonic Acids/*analysis
MH  - Baltic States
MH  - *Biota
MH  - Caprylates/*analysis
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods
MH  - Fluorocarbons/*analysis
MH  - Geologic Sediments/*chemistry
MH  - Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Sewage/*chemistry
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Wastewater/*chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Environmental samples
OT  - Liquid chromatography
OT  - Orbitrap mass spectrometry
OT  - PFOA
OT  - PFOS
OT  - Solid phase extraction
EDAT- 2017/03/21 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/05 06:00
CRDT- 2017/03/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/10/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/10/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/03/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/03/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0021-9673(16)31426-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.060 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2016 Nov 18;1473:109-121. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.060. Epub 
      2016 Oct 26.