PMID- 28317121 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171010 LR - 20181202 IS - 1095-8649 (Electronic) IS - 0022-1112 (Linking) VI - 90 IP - 5 DP - 2017 May TI - Divergence in physiological factors affecting swimming performance between anadromous and resident populations of brook charr Salvelinus fontinalis. PG - 2170-2193 LID - 10.1111/jfb.13300 [doi] AB - In this study, an anadromous strain (L) and a freshwater-resident (R) strain of brook charr Salvelinus fontinalis as well as their reciprocal hybrids, were reared in a common environment and submitted to swimming tests combined with salinity challenges. The critical swimming speeds (U(crit) ) of the different crosses were measured in both fresh (FW) and salt water (SW) and the variations in several physiological traits (osmotic, energetic and metabolic capacities) that are predicted to influence swimming performance were documented. Anadromous and resident fish reached the same U(crit) in both FW and SW, with U(crit) being 14% lower in SW compared with FW. The strains, however, seemed to use different underlying strategies: the anadromous strain relied on its streamlined body shape and higher osmoregulatory capacity, while the resident strain had greater citrate synthase (FW) and lactate dehydrogenase (FW, SW) capacity and either greater initial stores or more efficient use of liver (FW, SW) and muscle (FW) glycogen during exercise. Compared with R(female symbol) L(male symbol) hybrids, L(female symbol) R(male symbol) hybrids had a 20% lower swimming speed, which was associated with a 24% smaller cardio-somatic index and higher physiological costs. Thus swimming performance depends on cross direction (i.e. which parental line was used as dam or sire). The study thus suggests that divergent physiological factors between anadromous and resident S. fontinalis may result in similar swimming capacities that are adapted to their respective lifestyles. CI - (c) 2017 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. FAU - Crespel, A AU - Crespel A AD - Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Universite du Quebec a Rimouski (UQAR), 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada. FAU - Dupont-Prinet, A AU - Dupont-Prinet A AD - Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Universite du Quebec a Rimouski (UQAR), 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada. FAU - Bernatchez, L AU - Bernatchez L AD - Institut de Biologie Integrative et des Systemes (IBIS), Pavillon Charles-Eugene-Marchand, 1030, Avenue de la Medecine, Local 1145, Universite Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. FAU - Claireaux, G AU - Claireaux G AD - LEMAR UMR 6539 (UBO-CNRS-IRD-Ifremer), Institut Universitaire Europeen de la Mer, Unite PFOM-ARN - Centre de Bretagne, 29280, Plouzane, France. FAU - Tremblay, R AU - Tremblay R AD - Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Universite du Quebec a Rimouski (UQAR), 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada. FAU - Audet, C AU - Audet C AD - Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Universite du Quebec a Rimouski (UQAR), 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170319 PL - England TA - J Fish Biol JT - Journal of fish biology JID - 0214055 SB - IM MH - Animal Migration/*physiology MH - Animals MH - Swimming/*physiology MH - Trout/*physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - hybrids OT - local adaptation OT - metabolism OT - swimming performance EDAT- 2017/03/21 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/11 06:00 CRDT- 2017/03/21 06:00 PHST- 2016/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/02/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/jfb.13300 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Fish Biol. 2017 May;90(5):2170-2193. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13300. Epub 2017 Mar 19.