PMID- 28351669 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180626 LR - 20180626 IS - 1879-0720 (Electronic) IS - 0928-0987 (Linking) VI - 104 DP - 2017 Jun 15 TI - Effect of maximum inhalation flow and inhaled volume on formoterol drug deposition in-vitro from an Easyhaler(R) dry powder inhaler. PG - 180-187 LID - S0928-0987(17)30171-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.035 [doi] AB - Most patients using dry powder inhalers (DPIs) do not achieve the inhalation parameters recommended for pharmacopoeial in-vitro dose emission testing. The dose emission characteristics of formoterol from an Easyhaler(R) have been measured using the Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI) with a maximum inhalation flow (MIF) of 28.3, 60 and 90L/min and inhaled volumes (Vin) of 240, 750, 1500 and 2000mL. The total emitted dose (TED) was significantly higher at 90L/min (p<0.05), but the difference in the TED between low (28.3L/min) and high (90L/min) flow rate was significantly reduced by increasing the Vin. The fine particle dose (FPD) was higher (p<0.05) at 90L/min for all Vin values compared to 28.3 and 60L/min. Similarly the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was smaller at 90L/min across all Vin values. Dose emission characteristics were lower at 240mL for both MIFs. The results for 240mL could be due to an insufficient Vin pulled through the ACI or incomplete emptying of the dose metering cup. This study shows that the FPD, %FPF and MMAD were not significantly affected by the vin>/=750mL and that an inhaled volume as low as 750mL could be used with the ACI. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Abadelah, Mohamad AU - Abadelah M AD - Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Mohamad.Abadelah@hud.ac.uk. FAU - Hazim, Firisteh AU - Hazim F AD - Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: U1153322@unimail.hud.ac.uk. FAU - Chrystyn, Henry AU - Chrystyn H AD - Inhalation Consultancy Ltd, Yeadon, Leeds, LS19 7SP, United Kingdom. Electronic address: h.chrystyn@gmail.com. FAU - Bagherisadeghi, Golshan AU - Bagherisadeghi G AD - Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Golshan.Bagherisadeghi@hud.ac.uk. FAU - Rahmoune, Hassan AU - Rahmoune H AD - Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: hr288@cam.ac.uk. FAU - Larhrib, Hassan AU - Larhrib H AD - Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: e.larhrib@hud.ac.uk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170327 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur J Pharm Sci JT - European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences JID - 9317982 RN - W34SHF8J2K (Formoterol Fumarate) SB - IM CIN - Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017 Nov 15;109 :144-145. PMID: 28826676 MH - Administration, Inhalation MH - Dry Powder Inhalers/*methods MH - Formoterol Fumarate/*administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - In Vitro Techniques MH - Particle Size OTO - NOTNLM OT - Andersen Cascade impactor OT - Easyhaler OT - Formoterol OT - Inhaled volume OT - Maximum inhalation flow EDAT- 2017/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/27 06:00 CRDT- 2017/03/30 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/30 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0928-0987(17)30171-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.035 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017 Jun 15;104:180-187. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.035. Epub 2017 Mar 27.