PMID- 28368367 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170927 LR - 20231112 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2017 Apr 3 TI - A Chinese Variant Marek's Disease Virus Strain with Divergence between Virulence and Vaccine Resistance. LID - 10.3390/v9040071 [doi] LID - 71 AB - Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) has been evolving continuously, leading to increasing vaccination failure. Here, the MDV field strain BS/15 was isolated from a severely diseased Chinese chicken flock previously vaccinated with CVI988. To explore the causes of vaccination failure, specific-pathogen free (SPF) chickens vaccinated with CVI988 or 814 and unvaccinated controls were challenged with either BS/15 or the reference strain Md5. Both strains induced MD lesions in unvaccinated chickens with similar mortality rates of 85.7% and 80.0% during the experimental period, respectively. However, unvaccinated chickens inoculated with BS/15 exhibited a higher tumor development rate (64.3% vs. 40.0%), but prolonged survival and diminished immune defects compared to Md5-challenged counterparts. These results suggest that BS/15 and Md5 show a similar virulence but manifest with different pathogenic characteristics. Moreover, the protective indices of CVI988 and 814 were 33.3 and 66.7 for BS/15, and 92.9 and 100 for Md5, respectively, indicating that neither vaccine could provide efficient protection against BS/15. Taken together, these data suggest that MD vaccination failure is probably due to the existence of variant MDV strains with known virulence and unexpected vaccine resistance. Our findings should be helpful for understanding the pathogenicity and evolution of MDV strains prevalent in China. FAU - Sun, Guo-Rong AU - Sun GR AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. sgrshenhua@hotmail.com. FAU - Zhang, Yan-Ping AU - Zhang YP AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. zhyp_77@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Lv, Hong-Chao AU - Lv HC AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. lv6739533@163.com. FAU - Zhou, Lin-Yi AU - Zhou LY AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. 1105296187@qq.com. FAU - Cui, Hong-Yu AU - Cui HY AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. cuihy@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Gao, Yu-Long AU - Gao YL AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. ylg@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Qi, Xiao-le AU - Qi XL AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. qxl@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Wang, Yong-Qiang AU - Wang YQ AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. yqw@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Li, Kai AU - Li K AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. likaihvri@163.com. FAU - Gao, Li AU - Gao L AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. gaoli0820@163.com. FAU - Pan, Qing AU - Pan Q AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. panqing20050101@126.com. FAU - Wang, Xiao-Mei AU - Wang XM AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. xmw@hvri.ac.cn. FAU - Liu, Chang-Jun AU - Liu CJ AD - Division of Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China. liucj93711@hvri.ac.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20170403 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Chickens MH - China MH - Mardivirus/genetics/*immunology/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity MH - Marek Disease/*immunology/prevention & control/*virology MH - Treatment Failure MH - Viral Vaccines/*immunology MH - Virulence PMC - PMC5408677 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Marek's disease virus OT - evolution OT - pathogenicity OT - vaccination failure OT - vaccine efficacy OT - virulence COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2017/04/04 06:00 MHDA- 2017/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2017/04/01 CRDT- 2017/04/04 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/04/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9040071 [pii] AID - viruses-09-00071 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v9040071 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2017 Apr 3;9(4):71. doi: 10.3390/v9040071.