PMID- 28375129
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171103
LR  - 20171103
IS  - 1011-601X (Print)
IS  - 1011-601X (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Advanced oxidation of acridine orange by aqueous alkaline iodine.
PG  - 2089-2098
AB  - The advanced oxidation process is certainly used for the dye waste water 
      treatment. In this continuation a new advanced oxidation via aqueous alkaline 
      iodine was developed for the oxidation of acridine orange (AO) 3, 6 -bis 
      (dimethylamino) acridine zinc chloride double salt. Oxidation Kinetics of AO by 
      alkaline solution of iodine was investigated spectrophotometrically at lambda(max) 491 
      nm. The reaction was monitored at various operational parameters like several 
      concentrations of dye and iodine, pH, salt electrolyte and temperature. The 
      initial steps of oxidation kinetics followed fractional order reaction with 
      respect to the dye while depend upon the incremental amount of iodine to certain 
      extent whereas maximum oxidation of AO was achieved at high pH. Decline in the 
      reaction rate in the presence of salt electrolyte suggested the presence of 
      oppositely charged species in the rate determining step. Kinetic data revealed 
      that the de-colorization mechanism involves triodate (I(3)(-)) species, instead 
      of hypoidate (OI(-)) and hypiodous acid (HOI), in alkaline medium during the 
      photo-excitation of hydrolyzed AO. Alleviated concentration of alkali result in 
      decreasing of rate of reaction, clearly indicate that the iodine species are 
      active oxidizing species instead of OH radical. Activation parameters at elevated 
      temperatures were determined which revealed that highly solvated state of dye 
      complex existed into solution. Reaction mixture was subjected to UV/Visible and 
      GC mass spectrum analysis that proves the secondary consecutive reaction was 
      operative in rate determining step and finally dye complex end into smaller 
      fragments.
FAU - Azmat, Rafia
AU  - Azmat R
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Qamar, Noshab
AU  - Qamar N
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Naz, Raheela
AU  - Naz R
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Khursheed, Anum
AU  - Khursheed A
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Pakistan
TA  - Pak J Pharm Sci
JT  - Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences
JID - 9426356
RN  - 0 (Alkalies)
RN  - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 9679TC07X4 (Iodine)
RN  - F30N4O6XVV (Acridine Orange)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acridine Orange/*chemistry
MH  - Alkalies/*chemistry
MH  - Fluorescent Dyes/*chemistry
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
MH  - Hydrolysis
MH  - Iodine/*chemistry
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Models, Chemical
MH  - Osmolar Concentration
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*chemistry
MH  - Water Purification/*methods
EDAT- 2017/04/05 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/04 06:00
CRDT- 2017/04/05 06:00
PHST- 2017/04/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/04/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/04 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pak J Pharm Sci. 2016 Nov;29(6):2089-2098.