PMID- 28389919
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180405
LR  - 20240326
IS  - 1618-2650 (Electronic)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Print)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Linking)
VI  - 409
IP  - 16
DP  - 2017 Jun
TI  - A rapid and low-cost estimation of bacteria counts in solution using fluorescence 
      spectroscopy.
PG  - 3959-3967
LID - 10.1007/s00216-017-0347-1 [doi]
AB  - The fluorescence spectrum of bacterially bound acridine orange (AO) was 
      investigated to evaluate its use for the rapid enumeration of bacteria. 
      Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 samples were stained with 2 x 10(-2), 2 x 10(-3) or 
      2 x 10(-4)% w/v AO, followed by 3, 2 or 0 washing cycles, respectively, and 
      fluorescence spectra were recorded using a fibre-based spectroscopic system. 
      Independent component analysis was used to analyse the spectral datasets for each 
      staining method. Bacterial concentration order of magnitude classification models 
      were calculated using independent component weights. The relationship between 
      fluorescence intensity of bound AO and bacterial concentration was not linear. 
      However, the spectral signals collected for AO stain concentration-bacterial 
      concentration pairs were reproducible and unique enough to enable classification 
      of samples. When above 10(5) CFU ml(-1), it was possible to rapidly determine 
      what the order of magnitude of bacterial concentration of a sample was using a 
      combination of two of the sample preparation methods. A relatively inexpensive 
      (around US$10 per test) rapid method (within 25 min of sampling) for enumeration 
      of bacteria by order of magnitude will reduce the time and cost of 
      microbiological tests requiring gross concentration information. Graphical 
      Abstract Fluorescence spectra of bacterially bound acridine orange (AO) were used 
      for the rapid enumeration of bacteria. Order of magnitude bacterial concentration 
      classification models were calculated using independent components analysis of 
      these fluorescence spectra. When above 10(5) CFU ml(-1), it was possible to 
      rapidly determine the order of magnitude of bacterial concentration of a sample 
      using a combination of two sample preparation methods.
FAU - Guo, Rachel
AU  - Guo R
AD  - The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of 
      Physics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - McGoverin, Cushla
AU  - McGoverin C
AD  - The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of 
      Physics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - Swift, Simon
AU  - Swift S
AD  - Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, 
      Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
FAU - Vanholsbeeck, Frederique
AU  - Vanholsbeeck F
AD  - The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of 
      Physics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New 
      Zealand. f.vanholsbeeck@auckland.ac.nz.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170407
PL  - Germany
TA  - Anal Bioanal Chem
JT  - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
JID - 101134327
RN  - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
RN  - F30N4O6XVV (Acridine Orange)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acridine Orange/*analysis
MH  - Bacteria/isolation & purification
MH  - Escherichia coli/*isolation & purification
MH  - Fluorescent Dyes/*analysis
MH  - Spectrometry, Fluorescence/*methods
MH  - Staining and Labeling/methods
PMC - PMC5437196
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acridine orange
OT  - Bacteria
OT  - Enumeration
OT  - Fluorescence spectroscopy
OT  - Microbial contamination
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/04/09 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/06 06:00
PMCR- 2017/04/07
CRDT- 2017/04/09 06:00
PHST- 2016/11/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/03/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/04/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/04/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-017-0347-1 [pii]
AID - 347 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-017-0347-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Bioanal Chem. 2017 Jun;409(16):3959-3967. doi: 10.1007/s00216-017-0347-1. 
      Epub 2017 Apr 7.