PMID- 28393693
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171129
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1875-533X (Electronic)
IS  - 0929-8673 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 31
DP  - 2017
TI  - Update on the Protective Renal Effects of Metformin in Diabetic Nephropathy.
PG  - 3397-3412
LID - 10.2174/0929867324666170404143102 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important complications in 
      patients with diabetes mellitus. Main steps crucial for the pathogenesis of 
      diabetic nephropathy involve amongst others the modulation of cell signaling via 
      AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), reactive 
      oxygen generation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress under diabetic or 
      hyperglycemic conditions. These processes mediate increased loss of renal cells, 
      such as podocytes, which consequentially leads to renal damage and loss of renal 
      functions, such as structural integrity and glomerular filtration in diabetic 
      nephropathy. The anti-diabetic drug metformin has been widely used for 
      pharmacotherapeutic treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus. Besides its 
      anti-diabetic actions, recent studies revealed additional nephroprotective 
      effects of metformin in vitro and in vivo. Metformin was found to diminish 
      apoptosis in different experimental renal settings. Moreover, it was shown to 
      reduce albuminuria in diabetic rats as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus. These effects were demonstrated to be mediated via the AMPK/mTOR 
      signaling axis. These data indicate beneficial and renoprotective effects of 
      metformin in diabetic nephropathy. OBJECTIVE: In this review, we will summarize 
      the latest findings regarding the nephroprotective impact of metformin in vitro 
      and in vivo. Moreover, we will depict and discuss the therapeutic potential of 
      this drug for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
CI  - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at 
      epub@benthamscience.org.
FAU - Eisenreich, Andreas
AU  - Eisenreich A
AD  - Charite- Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und 
      Toxikologie, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin. Germany.
FAU - Leppert, Ulrike
AU  - Leppert U
AD  - Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Institut fur Physiologie, Chariteplatz 1, 
      10117 Berlin. Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - Curr Med Chem
JT  - Current medicinal chemistry
JID - 9440157
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.31 (AMP-Activated Protein Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetic Nephropathies/*drug therapy/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Kidney/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Metformin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMP-activated protein kinase
OT  - Metformin
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - diabetic nephropathy
OT  - hyperglycemia
OT  - kidney
OT  - podocytes
OT  - renal damage
EDAT- 2017/04/11 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/01 06:00
CRDT- 2017/04/11 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/04/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/11 06:00 [entrez]
AID - CMC-EPUB-82637 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/0929867324666170404143102 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Med Chem. 2017;24(31):3397-3412. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170404143102.