PMID- 28396662
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20191120
IS  - 1664-3224 (Print)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2017
TI  - The Role of Dendritic Cell Maturation in the Induction of Insulin-Dependent 
      Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - 327
LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00327 [doi]
LID - 327
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are the dominant class of antigen-presenting cells in 
      humans and are largely responsible for the initiation and guidance of innate and 
      adaptive immune responses involved in maintenance of immunological homeostasis. 
      Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) phagocytize pathogens and toxic proteins and in 
      endosomal vesicles degrade them into small fragments for presentation on major 
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) II receptor molecules to naive cognate T cells 
      (Th0). In addition to their role in stimulation of immunity, DCs are involved in 
      the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance toward self-antigens. During 
      activation, the iDCs become mature. Maturation begins when the DCs cease taking 
      up antigens and begin to migrate from their location in peripheral tissues to 
      adjacent lymph nodes or the spleen where during their continued maturation the 
      DCs present stored antigens on surface MHCII receptor molecules to naive Th0 
      cells. During antigen presentation, the DCs upregulate the biosynthesis of 
      costimulatory receptor molecules CD86, CD80, CD83, and CD40 on their plasma 
      membrane. These activated DC receptor molecules bind cognate CD28 receptors 
      presented on the Th0 cell membrane, which triggers DC secretion of IL-12 or IL-10 
      cytokines resulting in T cell differentiation into pro- or anti-inflammatory T 
      cell subsets. Although basic concepts involved in the process of iDC activation 
      and guidance of Th0 cell differentiation have been previously documented, they 
      are poorly defined. In this review, we detail what is known about the process of 
      DC maturation and its role in the induction of insulin-dependent diabetes 
      mellitus autoimmunity.
FAU - Mbongue, Jacques C
AU  - Mbongue JC
AD  - Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma 
      Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA.
FAU - Nieves, Hector A
AU  - Nieves HA
AD  - Ponce Health Sciences University School of Medicine , Ponce , Puerto Rico.
FAU - Torrez, Timothy W
AU  - Torrez TW
AD  - Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma 
      Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA.
FAU - Langridge, William H R
AU  - Langridge WH
AD  - Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma 
      Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P20 MD006988/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - S10 RR027643/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170327
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Immunol
JT  - Frontiers in immunology
JID - 101560960
PMC - PMC5366789
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CTB-INS
OT  - dendritic cells
OT  - indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
OT  - maturation
OT  - type 1 diabetes
EDAT- 2017/04/12 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/12 06:01
PMCR- 2017/01/01
CRDT- 2017/04/12 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/04/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/04/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/12 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00327 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Immunol. 2017 Mar 27;8:327. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00327. eCollection 
      2017.