PMID- 28405502 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210112 IS - 2162-4011 (Print) IS - 2162-402X (Electronic) IS - 2162-4011 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 3 DP - 2017 TI - IL4-induced gene 1 promotes tumor growth by shaping the immune microenvironment in melanoma. PG - e1278331 LID - 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1278331 [doi] LID - e1278331 AB - Amino acid catabolizing enzymes emerged as a crucial mechanism used by tumors to dampen immune responses. The L-phenylalanine oxidase IL-4 induced gene 1 (IL4I1) is expressed by tumor-associated myeloid cells of most solid tumors, including melanoma. We previously provided the only evidence that IL4I1 accelerates tumor growth by limiting the CD8(+) T cell mediated immune response, in a mouse model of melanoma cell transplantation. Here, we explored the role of IL4I1 in Ret mice, a spontaneous model of melanoma. We found that IL4I1 was expressed by CD11b(+) myeloid cells and that its activity correlated with disease aggressiveness. IL4I1 did not enhance tumor cell proliferation or angiogenesis, but orchestrated the remodeling of the immune compartment within the primary tumor. Indeed, the inactivation of IL4I1 limited the recruitment of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells and enhanced the infiltration by Th1 and cytotoxic T cells, thus delaying tumor development and metastatic dissemination. Accordingly, human primary melanomas that were poorly infiltrated by IL4I1(+) cells exhibited a higher density of CD8(+) T cells. Collectively, our findings strengthen the rationale for therapeutic targeting of IL4I1 as one of the key immune regulators. FAU - Bod, Lloyd AU - Bod L AD - Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Lengagne, Renee AU - Lengagne R AD - Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Wrobel, Ludovic AU - Wrobel L AD - Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve , Geneve, Switzerland. FAU - Ramspott, Jan Philipp AU - Ramspott JP AD - Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. FAU - Kato, Masashi AU - Kato M AD - Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. FAU - Avril, Marie-Francoise AU - Avril MF AD - Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France; APHP, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France. FAU - Castellano, Flavia AU - Castellano F AD - INSERM, U955, Equipe 09, Creteil, France; Universite Paris Est, Faculte de Medecine, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hopital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques, Creteil, France. FAU - Molinier-Frenkel, Valerie AU - Molinier-Frenkel V AD - INSERM, U955, Equipe 09, Creteil, France; Universite Paris Est, Faculte de Medecine, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hopital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Creteil, France. FAU - Prevost-Blondel, Armelle AU - Prevost-Blondel A AD - Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20170113 PL - United States TA - Oncoimmunology JT - Oncoimmunology JID - 101570526 PMC - PMC5384381 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CD8+ T cells OT - IL4I1 OT - primary melanoma OT - tumor escape EDAT- 2017/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/14 06:01 PMCR- 2018/01/13 CRDT- 2017/04/14 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/12/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1278331 [pii] AID - 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1278331 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Oncoimmunology. 2017 Jan 13;6(3):e1278331. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1278331. eCollection 2017.