PMID- 28413084
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170706
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 226
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - Brominated dioxins/furans and hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers: 
      Occurrences in commercial 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) and 
      2,4,6-tribromophenol, and formation during synthesis of BTBPE.
PG  - 394-403
LID - S0269-7491(16)32707-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.077 [doi]
AB  - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl 
      ethers (OH-PBDEs) can be formed from bromophenols (BPs) by thermal degradation, 
      biosynthesis or phototransformation. However, it is unknown whether PBDDs and 
      OH-PBDEs can be formed during the chemical production processes that utilize BPs 
      as raw materials. 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP) is an important raw material 
      for the synthesis of 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), a novel 
      brominated flame retardant. In this study, PBDDs, polybrominated dibenzofurans 
      (PBDFs) and OH-PBDEs have been identified and quantified in commercially 
      available BTBPE and 2,4,6-TBP. Furthermore, their formation as unintentional 
      by-products during the laboratory synthesis of BTBPE from 2,4,6-TBP and 
      1,2-dibromoethane in the presence of sodium carbonate has also been investigated. 
      2,3,7,8-substituted PBDDs and PBDFs (2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs) were undetectable in 
      commercial samples of BTBPE and present in low levels (nanogram per gram) in 
      2,4,6-TBP. Two tetrabrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (TeBDDs), namely 1,3,6,8- and 
      1,3,7,9-TeBDD, and three hydroxylated pentabrominated diphenyl ethers 
      (OH-pentaBDEs), namely 4'-OH-BDE121, 2'-OH-BDE121, and 6'-OH-BDE100, were 
      identified or tentatively identified, and quantitatively estimated to be at 
      concentrations in the range of undetectable to several thousands of nanograms per 
      gram in commercial BTBPE and 2,4,6-TBP. TeBDDs and OH-pentaBDEs were formed as 
      by-products from 2,4,6-TBP during BTBPE synthesis. Further studies need to be 
      conducted in order to determine whether PBDD/Fs and OH-PBDEs are also formed 
      during the industrial synthesis of other chemical compounds that utilize BPs as 
      raw materials or intermediates.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ren, Man
AU  - Ren M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. 
      Electronic address: renmanrm@163.com.
FAU - Zeng, Hao
AU  - Zeng H
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; 
      University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
FAU - Peng, Ping-An
AU  - Peng PA
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; 
      University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
FAU - Li, Hui-Ru
AU  - Li HR
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Tang, Cai-Ming
AU  - Tang CM
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Hu, Jian-Fang
AU  - Hu JF
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170413
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Bromobenzenes)
RN  - 0 (Dioxins)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Furans)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Phenols)
RN  - 0 (Phenyl Ethers)
RN  - 34I00D6RNM (1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane)
RN  - 3O695R5M1U (phenyl ether)
RN  - L99N5N533T (Ethane)
RN  - O1B5KJ235I (dibenzo(1,4)dioxin)
RN  - YS6K3EU393 (2,4,6-tribromophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bromobenzenes/*analysis
MH  - Dioxins/*analysis
MH  - Ethane
MH  - Flame Retardants
MH  - Furans/*analysis
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Hydroxylation
MH  - Phenols/*analysis
MH  - Phenyl Ethers
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BTBPE
OT  - Brominated dioxins
OT  - Bromophenols
OT  - Hydroxylated PBDEs
EDAT- 2017/04/18 06:00
MHDA- 2017/07/07 06:00
CRDT- 2017/04/18 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/03/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/04/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/07/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/18 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(16)32707-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.077 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2017 Jul;226:394-403. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.077. Epub 
      2017 Apr 13.