PMID- 28425667
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180718
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1521-4095 (Electronic)
IS  - 0935-9648 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 27
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - Soft Multifunctional Composites and Emulsions with Liquid Metals.
LID - 10.1002/adma.201605985 [doi]
AB  - Binary mixtures of liquid metal (LM) or low-melting-point alloy (LMPA) in an 
      elastomeric or fluidic carrier medium can exhibit unique combinations of 
      electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. This emerging class of soft 
      multifunctional composites have potential applications in wearable computing, 
      bio-inspired robotics, and shape-programmable architectures. The dispersion phase 
      can range from dilute droplets to connected networks that support electrical 
      conductivity. In contrast to deterministically patterned LM microfluidics, LMPA- 
      and LM-embedded elastomer (LMEE) composites are statistically homogenous and 
      exhibit effective bulk properties. Eutectic Ga-In (EGaIn) and Ga-In-Sn 
      (Galinstan) alloys are typically used due to their high conductivity, low 
      viscosity, negligible nontoxicity, and ability to wet to nonmetallic materials. 
      Because they are liquid-phase, these alloys can alter the electrical and thermal 
      properties of the composite while preserving the mechanics of the surrounding 
      medium. For composites with LMPA inclusions (e.g., Field's metal, Pb-based 
      solder), mechanical rigidity can be actively tuned with external heating or 
      electrical activation. This progress report, reviews recent experimental and 
      theoretical studies of this emerging class of soft material architectures and 
      identifies current technical challenges and opportunities for further 
      advancement.
CI  - (c) 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
FAU - Kazem, Navid
AU  - Kazem N
AD  - Integrated Soft Materials Lab, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 
      PA, 15213, USA.
FAU - Hellebrekers, Tess
AU  - Hellebrekers T
AD  - Integrated Soft Materials Lab, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 
      PA, 15213, USA.
FAU - Majidi, Carmel
AU  - Majidi C
AD  - Integrated Soft Materials Lab, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 
      PA, 15213, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170420
PL  - Germany
TA  - Adv Mater
JT  - Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
JID - 9885358
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - dielectric elastomers
OT  - eutectic gallium-indium
OT  - low-melting-point alloys
OT  - soft multifunctional materials
OT  - stretchable electronics
EDAT- 2017/04/21 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/21 06:01
CRDT- 2017/04/21 06:00
PHST- 2016/11/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/adma.201605985 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Adv Mater. 2017 Jul;29(27). doi: 10.1002/adma.201605985. Epub 2017 Apr 20.