PMID- 28425943 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171011 LR - 20181113 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2017 Apr 20 TI - Beneficial Effect of Voluntary Exercise on Experimental Colitis in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet: The Role of Irisin, Adiponectin and Proinflammatory Biomarkers. LID - 10.3390/nu9040410 [doi] LID - 410 AB - Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders exhibited by two major phenotypic forms: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although the aetiology of IBD is unknown, several factors coming from the adipose tissue and skeletal muscles, such as cytokines, adipokines and myokines, were suggested in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis; however, it has not been extensively studied whether voluntary exercise can ameliorate that disorder. We explored the effect of moderate exercise (i.e., voluntary wheel running) on the disease activity index (DAI), colonic blood flow (CBF), plasma irisin and adiponectin levels and real-time PCR expression of proinflammatory markers in mesenteric fat in mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis fed a high-fat diet (HFD) compared to those on a standard chow diet (SD). Macroscopic and microscopic colitis in sedentary SD mice was accompanied by a significant fall in CBF, some increase in colonic tissue weight and a significant increase in the plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and IL-13 (p < 0.05). In sedentary HFD mice, colonic lesions were aggravated, colonic tissue weight increased and the plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-1beta and leptin levels significantly increased. Simultaneously, a significant decrease in the plasma irisin and adiponectin levels was observed in comparison with SD mice (p < 0.05). Exercise significantly decreased macroscopic and microscopic colitis, substantially increased CBF and attenuated the plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-1beta and leptin levels while raising the plasma irisin and the plasma and WAT concentrations of adiponectin in HFD mice (p < 0.05). We conclude that: (1) experimental colitis is exacerbated in HFD mice, possibly due to a fall in colonic microcirculation and an increase in the plasma and mesenteric fat content of proinflammatory biomarkers; and (2) voluntary physical activity can attenuate the severity of colonic damage in mice fed a HFD through the release of protective irisin and restoration of plasma adiponectin. FAU - Mazur-Bialy, Agnieszka Irena AU - Mazur-Bialy AI AD - Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 20 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. agnieszka.mazur@uj.edu.pl. FAU - Bilski, Jan AU - Bilski J AD - Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 20 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. jan.bilski@uj.edu.pl. FAU - Wojcik, Dagmara AU - Wojcik D AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. dagmarawojcik@interia.pl. FAU - Brzozowski, Bartosz AU - Brzozowski B AD - Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 5 Sniadeckich Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. bartek.brzozowski@op.pl. FAU - Surmiak, Marcin AU - Surmiak M AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. marcin.surmiak@uj.edu.pl. FAU - Hubalewska-Mazgaj, Magdalena AU - Hubalewska-Mazgaj M AD - Department of Genetic Research and Nutrigenomics, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7A Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Cracow, Poland. magdalena.hubalewska@uj.edu.pl. FAU - Chmura, Anna AU - Chmura A AD - Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 20 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. afrasik@wp.pl. FAU - Magierowski, Marcin AU - Magierowski M AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. m.magierowski@uj.edu.pl. FAU - Magierowska, Katarzyna AU - Magierowska K AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. k.jasnos@interia.pl. FAU - Mach, Tomasz AU - Mach T AD - Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 5 Sniadeckich Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. tmach@su.krakow.pl. FAU - Brzozowski, Tomasz AU - Brzozowski T AD - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland. mpbrzozo@cyf-kr.edu.pl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170420 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Adiponectin) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Ccl2 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Chemokine CCL2) RN - 0 (FNDC5 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Fibronectins) RN - 0 (IL1B protein, human) RN - 0 (Interleukin-13) RN - 0 (Interleukin-1beta) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Leptin) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (interleukin-6, mouse) SB - IM MH - Adiponectin/*blood MH - Adiposity MH - Animals MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Chemokine CCL2/blood MH - Colitis/*blood/chemically induced/*therapy MH - Colon/metabolism MH - Diet, High-Fat MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Fibronectins/*blood MH - Interleukin-13/blood MH - Interleukin-1beta/blood MH - Interleukin-6/blood MH - Leptin/blood MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Physical Conditioning, Animal MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood PMC - PMC5409749 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adiponectin OT - colitis OT - colonic blood flow OT - diet-induced obesity OT - inflammation OT - interleukin-6 OT - irisin OT - myokines OT - tumour necrosis factor-alpha OT - voluntary exercise COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2017/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/12 06:00 PMCR- 2017/04/01 CRDT- 2017/04/21 06:00 PHST- 2016/12/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/04/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu9040410 [pii] AID - nutrients-09-00410 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu9040410 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2017 Apr 20;9(4):410. doi: 10.3390/nu9040410.