PMID- 28426648 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180516 LR - 20191210 IS - 1530-0447 (Electronic) IS - 0031-3998 (Linking) VI - 82 IP - 3 DP - 2017 Sep TI - Pregnancy swimming causes short- and long-term neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia in very immature rats. PG - 544-553 LID - 10.1038/pr.2017.110 [doi] AB - BackgroundHypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of neurological damage in preterm newborn. Swimming during pregnancy alters the offspring's brain development. We tested the effects of swimming during pregnancy in the very immature rat brain.MethodsFemale Wistar rats (n=12) were assigned to the sedentary (SE, n=6) or the swimming (SW, n=6) group. From gestational day 0 (GD0) to GD21 the rats in the SW group were made to swim for 20 min/day. HI on postnatal day (PND) 3 rats caused sensorimotor and cognitive impairments. Animals were distributed into SE sham (SESH), sedentary HIP3 (SEHI), swimming sham (SWSH), and swimming HIP3 (SWHI) groups. At PND4 and PND5, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were assessed. During lactation and adulthood, neurological reflexes, sensorimotor, anxiety-related, and cognitive evaluations were made, followed by histological assessment at PND60.ResultsAt early stages, swimming caused an increase in hippocampal BDNF levels and in the maintenance of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase function in the SWHI group. The SWHI group showed smaller lesions and the preservation of white matter tracts. SEHI animals showed a delay in reflex maturation, which was reverted in the SWHI group. HIP3 induced spatial memory deficits and hypomyelination in SEHI rats, which was reverted in the SWHI group.ConclusionSwimming during pregnancy neuroprotected the brains against HI in very immature neonatal rats. FAU - Sanches, Eduardo Farias AU - Sanches EF AD - Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Duran-Carabali, Luz Elena AU - Duran-Carabali LE AD - Post-Graduation Program of Phisiology, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Tosta, Andrea AU - Tosta A AD - Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Nicola, Fabricio AU - Nicola F AD - Post-Graduation Program of Neurosciences, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Schmitz, Felipe AU - Schmitz F AD - Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Rodrigues, Andre AU - Rodrigues A AD - Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Siebert, Cassiana AU - Siebert C AD - Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Wyse, Angela AU - Wyse A AD - Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Netto, Carlos AU - Netto C AD - Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170531 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Res JT - Pediatric research JID - 0100714 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - EC 7.2.2.13 (Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Behavior, Animal MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism MH - Female MH - Hippocampus/metabolism MH - Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/*prevention & control MH - *Neuroprotection MH - Parietal Lobe/enzymology MH - Pregnancy MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Reflex MH - Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism MH - *Swimming EDAT- 2017/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2018/05/17 06:00 CRDT- 2017/04/21 06:00 PHST- 2016/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/05/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - pr2017110 [pii] AID - 10.1038/pr.2017.110 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Res. 2017 Sep;82(3):544-553. doi: 10.1038/pr.2017.110. Epub 2017 May 31.