PMID- 28438224
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180302
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1742-2094 (Electronic)
IS  - 1742-2094 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Apr 24
TI  - Early strong intrathecal inflammation in cerebellar type multiple system atrophy 
      by cerebrospinal fluid cytokine/chemokine profiles: a case control study.
PG  - 89
LID - 10.1186/s12974-017-0863-0 [doi]
LID - 89
AB  - BACKGROUND: The pathology of multiple system atrophy cerebellar-type (MSA-C) 
      includes glial inflammation; however, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory 
      cytokine profiles have not been investigated. In this study, we determined CSF 
      cytokine/chemokine/growth factor profiles in MSA-C and compared them with those 
      in hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). METHODS: We collected clinical data 
      and CSF from 20 MSA-C patients, 12 hereditary SCA patients, and 15 patients with 
      other non-inflammatory neurological diseases (OND), and measured 27 
      cytokines/chemokines/growth factors using a multiplexed fluorescent bead-based 
      immunoassay. The size of each part of the hindbrain and hot cross bun sign (HCBS) 
      in the pons was studied by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: 
      Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, 
      IL-7, IL-12, and IL-13 levels were significantly higher in MSA-C and SCA compared 
      with OND. In MSA-C, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-12, IL-13, platelet-derived growth 
      factor-bb, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and GM-CSF levels positively 
      correlated with anteroposterior diameters of the pontine base, vermis, or medulla 
      oblongata. By contrast, in SCA patients, IL-12 and MIP-1alpha showed significant 
      negative correlations with anteroposterior diameters of the pontine base, and 
      unlike MSA-C, there was no cytokine with a positive correlation in SCA. IL-6 was 
      significantly higher in MSA-C patients with the lowest grade of HCBS compared 
      with those with the highest grade. Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) 
      had a significant negative correlation with disease duration only in MSA-C 
      patients. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-2, IL-15, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-8 
      were all significantly lower in MSA-C and SCA compared with OND, while IL-1ra, an 
      anti-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated only in MSA-C. IL-1beta and IL-8 had 
      positive correlations with Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale part 1 
      and 2, respectively, in MSA-C. CONCLUSIONS: Although CSF 
      cytokine/chemokine/growth factor profiles were similar between MSA-C and SCA, 
      pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, GM-CSF, and MCP-1, correlated with the 
      disease stage in a way higher at the beginning only in MSA-C, reflecting early 
      stronger intrathecal inflammation.
FAU - Yamasaki, Ryo
AU  - Yamasaki R
AD  - Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical 
      Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, 
      Japan. ryoya@neuro.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
FAU - Yamaguchi, Hiroo
AU  - Yamaguchi H
AD  - Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical 
      Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, 
      Japan.
FAU - Matsushita, Takuya
AU  - Matsushita T
AD  - Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical 
      Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, 
      Japan.
FAU - Fujii, Takayuki
AU  - Fujii T
AD  - Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical 
      Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, 
      Japan.
FAU - Hiwatashi, Akio
AU  - Hiwatashi A
AD  - Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu 
      University, Fukuoka, Japan.
FAU - Kira, Jun-Ichi
AU  - Kira JI
AD  - Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical 
      Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, 
      Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170424
PL  - England
TA  - J Neuroinflammation
JT  - Journal of neuroinflammation
JID - 101222974
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cerebellum/*metabolism
MH  - Chemokines/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Cytokines/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Multiple System Atrophy/*cerebrospinal fluid/*diagnostic imaging
MH  - Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging/metabolism
PMC - PMC5404297
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cerebrospinal fluid
OT  - Cytokine
OT  - Interleukin-6
OT  - Magnetic resonance imaging
OT  - Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
OT  - Multiple system atrophy
EDAT- 2017/04/26 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/03 06:00
PMCR- 2017/04/24
CRDT- 2017/04/26 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/04/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12974-017-0863-0 [pii]
AID - 863 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12974-017-0863-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Neuroinflammation. 2017 Apr 24;14(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s12974-017-0863-0.