PMID- 28474401
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180720
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1463-1326 (Electronic)
IS  - 1462-8902 (Print)
IS  - 1462-8902 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 12
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - A review of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and their effects on 
      lowering postprandial plasma glucose and cardiovascular outcomes in the treatment 
      of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PG  - 1645-1654
LID - 10.1111/dom.12998 [doi]
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular 
      (CV) comorbidities, with CV disease being the most common cause of death in 
      adults with T2DM. Although glucocentric therapies may improve glycaemic control 
      (as determined by glycated haemoglobin levels), evidence suggests that this 
      approach alone has limited beneficial effects on CV outcomes relative to 
      improvements in lipid and blood pressure control. This may be explained in part 
      by the fact that current antidiabetic treatment regimens primarily address 
      overall glycaemia and/or fasting plasma glucose, but not the postprandial plasma 
      glucose (PPG) excursions that have a fundamental causative role in increasing CV 
      risk. This literature review evaluates the relationship between PPG and the risk 
      of CV disease, discusses the treatment of T2DM with glucagon-like peptide-1 
      receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and examines the associated CV outcomes. The 
      literature analysis suggests that exaggerated PPG excursions are a risk factor 
      for CV disease because of their adverse pathophysiologic effects on the 
      vasculature, resulting in increased all-cause and CV-related mortality. Although 
      GLP-1 RAs are well established in the current T2DM treatment paradigm, a subgroup 
      of these compounds has a particularly pronounced, persistent and short-lived 
      effect on gastric emptying and, hence, lower PPG substantially. However, current 
      long-term data on CV outcomes with GLP-1 RAs are contradictory, with both 
      beneficial and adverse effects having been reported. This review explores the 
      opportunity to direct treatment towards controlling PPG excursions, thereby 
      improving not only overall glycaemic control but also CV outcomes.
CI  - (c) 2017 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & 
      Sons Ltd.
FAU - Owens, David R
AU  - Owens DR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1002-1238
AD  - Diabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences College of Medicine, Swansea 
      University, Swansea, UK.
FAU - Monnier, Louis
AU  - Monnier L
AD  - Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Atherosclerosis, Institute of Clinical 
      Research, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
FAU - Hanefeld, Markolf
AU  - Hanefeld M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7323-1203
AD  - Study Centre "Professor Hanefeld", GWT-Technical University Dresden, Dresden, 
      Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170711
PL  - England
TA  - Diabetes Obes Metab
JT  - Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
JID - 100883645
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Gastrointestinal Agents)
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/complications/epidemiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/epidemiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/*agonists/metabolism
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperglycemia/*prevention & control
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC5697665
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GLP-1 analogue
OT  - cardiovascular disease
OT  - diabetes complications
OT  - glycaemic control macrovascular disease
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- D. R. O. received honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, 
      Sanofi and Takeda for lectures and involvement in an advisory capacity. L. M. has 
      nothing to declare. M. H. has served on advisory panels for Bristol-Myers Squibb, 
      GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi and Takeda; and on speakers' bureau for Bayer Health 
      Care, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, Sanofi and Takeda.
EDAT- 2017/05/06 06:00
MHDA- 2018/07/22 06:00
PMCR- 2017/11/21
CRDT- 2017/05/06 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/04/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/05/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/07/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/11/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - DOM12998 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/dom.12998 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Dec;19(12):1645-1654. doi: 10.1111/dom.12998. Epub 2017 
      Jul 11.