PMID- 28510998
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170807
LR  - 20240327
IS  - 1365-3156 (Electronic)
IS  - 1360-2276 (Print)
IS  - 1360-2276 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 7
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - New-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients receiving HIV care at Newlands 
      Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe: retrospective cohort analysis.
PG  - 839-845
LID - 10.1111/tmi.12896 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and associated factors of Type 2 Diabetes 
      Mellitus (T2DM) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Zimbabwe. METHODS: We 
      analysed data of all HIV-infected patients older than 16 years who attended 
      Newlands Clinic between March 1, 2004 and April 29, 2015. The clinic considers 
      patients whose random blood sugar is higher than 11.1 mmol/l and which is 
      confirmed by a fasting blood sugar higher than 7.0 mmol/l to have T2DM. T2DM is 
      also diagnosed in symptomatic patients who have a RBS >11.0 mmol/l. Risk factors 
      for developing T2DM were identified using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted 
      for confounding. Missing baseline BMI data were multiply imputed. Results are 
      presented as adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). 
      RESULTS: Data for 4,110 participants were included: 67.2% were women; median age 
      was 37 (IQR: 31-43) years. Median baseline CD4 count was 197 (IQR: 95-337) 
      cells/mm(3) . The proportion of participants with hypertension at baseline was 
      15.5% (n=638). Over a median follow-up time of 4.7 (IQR: 2.1-7.2) years, 57 
      patients developed T2DM; the overall incidence rate was 2.8 (95% CI: 2.1-3.6) per 
      1000 person-years of follow-up. Exposure to PIs was associated with T2DM (HR: 
      1.80, 95% CI: 1.04-3.09). In the multivariable analysis, obesity (BMI>30 kg/m(2) 
      ) (aHR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.17-4.36), age >40 years (aHR=2.16, 95% CI: 1.22-3.83) and 
      male gender, (aHR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.22-3.72) were independently associated with the 
      risk of T2DM. HIV-related factors (baseline CD4 cell count and baseline WHO 
      clinical stage) were not independent risk factors for developing T2DM. 
      CONCLUSION: Although the incidence of T2DM in this HIV cohort was lower than that 
      has been observed in others, our results show that risk factors for developing 
      T2DM among HIV-infected people are similar to those of the general population. 
      HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa need a comprehensive approach to care 
      that includes better health services for prevention, early detection and 
      treatment of chronic diseases especially among the elderly and obese.
CI  - (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Chimbetete, Cleophas
AU  - Chimbetete C
AD  - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.
AD  - Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
FAU - Mugglin, Catrina
AU  - Mugglin C
AD  - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Shamu, Tinei
AU  - Shamu T
AD  - Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.
FAU - Kalesan, Bindu
AU  - Kalesan B
AD  - Center for Translational Epidemiology and Comparative Effectiveness Research, 
      Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Bertisch, Barbara
AU  - Bertisch B
AD  - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
AD  - Center for Translational Epidemiology and Comparative Effectiveness Research, 
      Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
AD  - Checkpoint Zuerich, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Egger, Matthias
AU  - Egger M
AD  - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Keiser, Olivia
AU  - Keiser O
AD  - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, 
      Switzerland.
AD  - Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
GR  - U01 AI069924/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170608
PL  - England
TA  - Trop Med Int Health
JT  - Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
JID - 9610576
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Comorbidity
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV Infections/*epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Zimbabwe/epidemiology
PMC - PMC5662202
MID - NIHMS876954
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
OT  - Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
OT  - Zimbabue
OT  - Zimbabwe
OT  - diabete sucre de type 2
OT  - human immunodeficiency virus infection
OT  - infeccion por VIH
OT  - infection VIH
EDAT- 2017/05/17 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/08 06:00
PMCR- 2018/07/01
CRDT- 2017/05/17 06:00
PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1111/tmi.12896 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Trop Med Int Health. 2017 Jul;22(7):839-845. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12896. Epub 2017 
      Jun 8.