PMID- 28511039 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170808 LR - 20181202 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 228 DP - 2017 Sep TI - Occurrence, composition, source, and regional distribution of halogenated flame retardants and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran in the soils of Guiyu, China. PG - 61-71 LID - S0269-7491(16)31596-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.024 [doi] AB - Guiyu, China, is well-known for the crude disposal of electronic waste (EW) and severe persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Therefore, in this study, the occurrence, composition, and source of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl (BB153), some novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in farmland soils covering Guiyu were studied. In EW disposal area soils, PBDEs were the most abundant FRs, with concentrations of 13-1014 ng g(-1). The primary PBDE sources were technical Penta- and Deca-BDE mixtures in northern and southern Guiyu, respectively. The levels of BB153 were relatively low, possibly because it has been banned in the 1970s. The concentrations of hexabromobenzene (HBB) were 0.048-3.3 ng g(-1), while pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB) was almost not detected in the soils. Two alternatives to commercial PBDEs, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), were the primary NBFRs, with concentrations of 1.8-153 ng g(-1) and 0.43-15 ng g(-1), respectively. DP was another primary FR, with concentrations of 0.57-146 ng g(-1). Moreover, syn-DP and anti-DP isomers were not stereoselectively decomposed during the EW disposal process and were therefore present in their original fractions in the soils. The levels of PBDD/Fs in EW disposal area soils were 2.5-17 pg TEQ g(-1). 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpBDF and OBDF were the dominant congeners, mainly derived from processing, pyrolysis and combustion of BFRs. The regional distribution of pollutants was shown to be related to the disposal manner of EW, with their open thermal disposal tending to release more highly brominated compounds such as BDE209, DBDPE, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpBDF. Additionally, some riverbank sites were heavily polluted because of nearby point sources, downwind Simapu (SMP) town without EW disposal activity was also contaminated by these pollutants. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Xu, Pengjun AU - Xu P AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China; Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China. FAU - Tao, Bu AU - Tao B AD - Hebei Agricultural University, 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding 071001, China. FAU - Zhou, Zhiguang AU - Zhou Z AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Fan, Shuang AU - Fan S AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Zhang, Ting AU - Zhang T AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Liu, Aimin AU - Liu A AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Dong, Shuping AU - Dong S AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. FAU - Yuan, Jingli AU - Yuan J AD - Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China. FAU - Li, Hong AU - Li H AD - Beijing Chaoyang District Environmental Protection Monitoring Center, 5 South Nongzhan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, China. FAU - Chen, Jiping AU - Chen J AD - Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: chenjp@dicp.ac.cn. FAU - Huang, Yeru AU - Huang Y AD - National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: yrhuang@cneac.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170513 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Benzofurans) RN - 0 (Bromobenzenes) RN - 0 (Dioxins) RN - 0 (Flame Retardants) RN - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers) RN - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated) RN - 0 (Polybrominated Biphenyls) RN - 0 (Polycyclic Compounds) RN - 0 (Soil) RN - 0 (Soil Pollutants) RN - 0 (decabromodiphenyl ethane) RN - 0 (dechlorane plus) RN - 8U54U639VI (dibenzofuran) RN - 9S2PWX7KBN (2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl) RN - O1B5KJ235I (dibenzo(1,4)dioxin) RN - T01859XWIR (hexabromobenzene) SB - IM MH - Benzofurans/*analysis MH - Bromobenzenes/analysis MH - China MH - Dioxins/*analysis MH - *Environmental Monitoring MH - Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data MH - Flame Retardants/*analysis MH - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis MH - Halogenation MH - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis MH - Polybrominated Biphenyls/analysis MH - Polycyclic Compounds/analysis MH - Soil/chemistry MH - Soil Pollutants/*analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brominated flame retardant OT - Dechlorane plus OT - Guiyu OT - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran OT - Soil EDAT- 2017/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2017/08/09 06:00 CRDT- 2017/05/17 06:00 PHST- 2016/10/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/05/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/08/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0269-7491(16)31596-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2017 Sep;228:61-71. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.024. Epub 2017 May 13.