PMID- 28515081
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170830
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1522-1490 (Electronic)
IS  - 0363-6119 (Print)
IS  - 0363-6119 (Linking)
VI  - 313
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Aug 1
TI  - Flexible ammonia handling strategies using both cutaneous and branchial epithelia 
      in the highly ammonia-tolerant Pacific hagfish.
PG  - R78-R90
LID - 10.1152/ajpregu.00351.2016 [doi]
AB  - Hagfish consume carrion, potentially exposing them to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and 
      high environmental ammonia (HEA). We investigated branchial and cutaneous ammonia 
      handling strategies by which Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) tolerate and 
      recover from high ammonia loading. Hagfish were exposed to HEA (20 mmol/l) for 48 
      h to elevate plasma total ammonia (T(Amm)) levels before placement into divided 
      chambers for a 4-h recovery period in ammonia-free seawater where ammonia 
      excretion (J(Amm)) was measured independently in the anterior and posterior 
      compartments. Localized HEA exposures were also conducted by subjecting hagfish 
      to HEA in either the anterior or posterior compartments. During recovery, 
      HEA-exposed animals increased J(Amm) in both compartments, with the posterior 
      compartment comprising ~20% of the total J(Amm) compared with ~11% in 
      non-HEA-exposed fish. Plasma T(Amm) increased substantially when whole hagfish 
      and the posterior regions were exposed to HEA. Alternatively, plasma T(Amm) did 
      not elevate after anterior localized HEA exposure. J(Amm) was concentration 
      dependent (0.05-5 mmol/l) across excised skin patches at up to eightfold greater 
      rates than in skin sections that were excised from HEA-exposed hagfish. Skin 
      excised from more posterior regions displayed greater J(Amm) than those from more 
      anterior regions. Immunohistochemistry with hagfish-specific anti-rhesus 
      glycoprotein type c (alpha-hRhcg; ammonia transporter) antibody was characterized by 
      staining on the basal aspect of hagfish epidermis while Western blotting 
      demonstrated greater expression of Rhcg in more posterior skin sections. We 
      conclude that cutaneous Rhcg proteins are involved in cutaneous ammonia excretion 
      by Pacific hagfish and that this mechanism could be particularly important during 
      feeding.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 the American Physiological Society.
FAU - Clifford, Alexander M
AU  - Clifford AM
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada; alex.clifford@ualberta.ca.
AD  - Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada.
FAU - Weinrauch, Alyssa M
AU  - Weinrauch AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5710-0035
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
AD  - Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada.
FAU - Edwards, Susan L
AU  - Edwards SL
AD  - Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada.
AD  - Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina; and.
FAU - Wilkie, Michael P
AU  - Wilkie MP
AD  - Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada.
AD  - Department of Biology and Laurier Institute for Water Science, Wilfrid Laurier 
      University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Goss, Greg G
AU  - Goss GG
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
AD  - Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada.
LA  - eng
GR  - P20 GM103423/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170517
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
JT  - American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative 
      physiology
JID - 100901230
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
SB  - IM
CIN - Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2017 Aug 1;313(2):R65-R66. PMID: 28592460
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological/*physiology
MH  - Ammonia/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cutaneous Elimination/*physiology
MH  - Drug Tolerance/physiology
MH  - Epithelium/metabolism
MH  - Gills/*metabolism
MH  - Hagfishes/*physiology
MH  - Skin/*metabolism
PMC - PMC5582951
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - agnatha
OT  - cyclostome
OT  - nitrogen
OT  - rhesus glycoprotein
OT  - skin
EDAT- 2017/05/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/31 06:00
PMCR- 2018/08/01
CRDT- 2017/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/05/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/05/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ajpregu.00351.2016 [pii]
AID - R-00351-2016 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpregu.00351.2016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2017 Aug 1;313(2):R78-R90. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpregu.00351.2016. Epub 2017 May 17.