PMID- 28531948
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180329
LR  - 20180329
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 599-600
DP  - 2017 Dec 1
TI  - An alternative approach to risk rank chemicals on the threat they pose to the 
      aquatic environment.
PG  - 1372-1381
LID - S0048-9697(17)31138-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.039 [doi]
AB  - This work presents a new and unbiased method of risk ranking chemicals based on 
      the threat they pose to the aquatic environment. The study ranked 12 metals, 23 
      pesticides, 11 other persistent organic pollutants (POPs), 13 pharmaceuticals, 10 
      surfactants and similar compounds and 2 nanoparticles (total of 71) of concern 
      against one another by comparing their median UK river water and median 
      ecotoxicity effect concentrations. To complement this, by giving an assessment on 
      potential wildlife impacts, risk ranking was also carried out by comparing the 
      lowest 10th percentile of the effects data with the highest 90th percentile of 
      the exposure data. In other words, risk was pared down to just toxicity versus 
      exposure. Further modifications included incorporating bioconcentration factors, 
      using only recent water measurements and excluding either lethal or sub-lethal 
      effects. The top ten chemicals, based on the medians, which emerged as having the 
      highest risk to organisms in UK surface waters using all the ecotoxicity data 
      were copper, aluminium, zinc, ethinylestradiol (EE2), linear alkylbenzene 
      sulfonate (LAS), triclosan, manganese, iron, methomyl and chlorpyrifos. By way of 
      contrast, using current UK environmental quality standards as the comparator to 
      median UK river water concentrations would have selected 6 different chemicals in 
      the top ten. This approach revealed big differences in relative risk; for 
      example, zinc presented a million times greater risk then metoprolol and LAS 550 
      times greater risk than nanosilver. With the exception of EE2, most 
      pharmaceuticals were ranked as having a relatively low risk.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Johnson, Andrew C
AU  - Johnson AC
AD  - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK. 
      Electronic address: ajo@ceh.ac.uk.
FAU - Donnachie, Rachel L
AU  - Donnachie RL
AD  - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK.
FAU - Sumpter, John P
AU  - Sumpter JP
AD  - Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, 
      Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.
FAU - Jurgens, Monika D
AU  - Jurgens MD
AD  - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK.
FAU - Moeckel, Claudia
AU  - Moeckel C
AD  - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
FAU - Pereira, M Gloria
AU  - Pereira MG
AD  - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170517
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chemical
OT  - Freshwater
OT  - Metals
OT  - Organics
OT  - Ranking
OT  - Risk
EDAT- 2017/05/24 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/24 06:01
CRDT- 2017/05/24 06:00
PHST- 2017/03/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/05/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/05/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(17)31138-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.039 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:1372-1381. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.039. Epub 2017 May 17.