PMID- 28537332
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171116
LR  - 20240317
IS  - 1760-4788 (Electronic)
IS  - 1279-7707 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 6
DP  - 2017
TI  - Comparison of Intermittent Fasting Versus Caloric Restriction in Obese Subjects: 
      A Two Year Follow-Up.
PG  - 681-685
LID - 10.1007/s12603-016-0786-y [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Caloric restriction (CR) is proven to be effective in increasing life 
      span and it is well known that, nutritional habits, sleeping pattern and meal 
      frequency have profound effects on human health. In Ramadan some Muslims fast 
      during the day-light hours for a month, providing us a unique model of 
      intermittent fasting (IF) in humans. In the present study, we have investigated 
      the effects of IF versus CR on the same non-diabetic obese subjects who were 
      followed for two years according to the growth hormone (GH)/Insulin like growth 
      factor (IGF)-1 axis and insulin resistance. DESIGN: Single-arm Interventional 
      Human Study. PARTICIPANTS: 23 female subjects (Body Mass Index (BMI) 29-39, aged 
      between 28-42years). SETTING: Follow-up is designed as 12 months of CR, after 
      which there was a month of IF and 11 months of CR again, to be totally 24 months. 
      Subjects' daily diets were aligned as low calorie diet during CR and during the 
      IF period, the same subjects fasted for 15 hours in a day for a month and there 
      was no daily calorie restriction. Nutritional pattern was changed as 1 meal in 
      the evening and a late supper before sleeping and no eating and drinking during 
      the day light hours in the IF model. Subjects made brisk walking twice a day 
      during the whole follow-up including both CR and IF periods. BMI, Blood glucose, 
      insulin, TSH, GH, HbA1c, IGF-1, Homa-IR and urinary acetoacetate levels were 
      monitored once in three months and twice in the fasting month. MEASUREMENTS AND 
      RESULTS: While subjects lost 1250 +/- 372g monthly during the CR, in the IF period, 
      weight loss was decreased to 473 +/- 146 g. BMI of all subjects decreased gradually 
      and as the BMI decreased, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, Homa-IR and TSH levels were 
      decreased. GH levels were at baseline at the beginning, increased in the first 
      six months and stayed steady during the CR and IF period than began decreasing 
      after the IF period, while IGF-I increased gradually during the CR period and 
      beginning with the 7th day of IF period, it decreased and kept on decreasing till 
      the end of the follow-up. Urinary acetoacetate levels were higher during the IF 
      period suggesting a constant lipid catabolism. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest 
      that, CR affects metabolic parameters positively which will help especially 
      pre-diabetic and insulin resistant patients without any pharmacological approach. 
      In addition IF without calorie restriction can enhance health and cellular 
      resistance to disease without losing weight and those effects may be attributed 
      to different signalling pathways and circulating ketones during IF. Changes 
      observed during IF are probably due to the changes in eating and sleeping pattern 
      and thus changes in metabolic rhythm.
FAU - Aksungar, F B
AU  - Aksungar FB
AD  - Fehime Benli Aksungar, MD, Prof. Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Acibadem 
      University, Icerenkoy Kayisdagi Caddesi, 34752 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey, 
      e-mail: fehime.aksungar@acibadem.edu.tr, Tel: +90 532 172 7854.
FAU - Sarikaya, M
AU  - Sarikaya M
FAU - Coskun, A
AU  - Coskun A
FAU - Serteser, M
AU  - Serteser M
FAU - Unsal, I
AU  - Unsal I
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - France
TA  - J Nutr Health Aging
JT  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
JID - 100893366
RN  - 0 (Acetoacetates)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human)
RN  - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone)
RN  - 4ZI204Y1MC (acetoacetic acid)
RN  - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetoacetates/urine
MH  - Adult
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Caloric Restriction/*methods
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Fasting/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
MH  - Human Growth Hormone/blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Insulin Resistance/physiology
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis
MH  - Obesity/*therapy
MH  - Weight Loss/*physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Fasting
OT  - calorie restriction
OT  - insulin resistance
OT  - intermittent fasting
OT  - low carbohydrate
COIS- None
EDAT- 2017/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00
CRDT- 2017/05/25 06:00
PHST- 2017/05/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1279-7707(23)00182-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s12603-016-0786-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(6):681-685. doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0786-y.