PMID- 28542407
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171004
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 5
DP  - 2017
TI  - The influence of persistent organic pollutants in the traditional Inuit diet on 
      markers of inflammation.
PG  - e0177781
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0177781 [doi]
LID - e0177781
AB  - Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are high in Inuit living 
      predominately on the traditional marine diet. Adverse effects of POPs include 
      disruption of the immune system and cardiovascular diseases that are frequent in 
      Greenland Inuit. We aimed to assess the association between exposure to POPs from 
      the marine diet and inflammation, taking into account other factors such as 
      vitamin D. We invited Inuit and non-Inuit living in settlements or the town in 
      rural East Greenland or in the capital city Nuuk. Participants completed a food 
      frequency questionnaire and donated a blood sample for measurement of the two 
      markers of inflammation YKL-40 and hsCRP, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, eleven 
      organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), fourteen polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), one 
      polybrominated biphenyl, and nine polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) adjusted 
      to the serum lipid content. Participants were 50 through 69 years old, living in 
      settlements, town or city (n = 151/173/211; 95% participation rate). SigmaOCP, SigmaPCB 
      and SigmaPBDE serum levels were higher in Inuit than in non-Inuit (p<0.001/ p<0.001/ 
      p<0.001), in older individuals (p<0.001/p<0.001/p = 0.002) and in participants 
      with the highest intake of Greenlandic food items (p<0.001/p<0.001/p<0.001). Both 
      YKL-40 and hsCRP serum levels were higher in Inuit compared to non-Inuit 
      (p<0.001/p = 0.001), and increased with age (p<0.001/p = 0.001) and with the 
      intake of Greenlandic food items (p<0.001/p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis 
      conformed to a marked influence on both YKL-40 and hsCRP by SigmaOCP 
      (p<0.001/p<0.001) and SigmaPCBs (p<0.001/p = 0.001) after adjusting for age, BMI, 
      vitamin D, alcohol and smoking. POP levels were associated with the intake of the 
      traditional Inuit diet and with markers of inflammation. This supports a 
      pro-inflammatory role of POPs to promote chronic diseases common to populations 
      in Greenland. These data inform guidelines on 'the Arctic dilemma' and encourage 
      follow-up on the ageing Arctic populations.
FAU - Schaebel, L K
AU  - Schaebel LK
AD  - Centre for Arctic Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 
      Denmark.
AD  - Arctic Health Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg 
      University, Aalborg, Denmark.
FAU - Bonefeld-Jorgensen, E C
AU  - Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC
AD  - Centre for Arctic Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 
      Denmark.
FAU - Vestergaard, H
AU  - Vestergaard H
AD  - The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of 
      Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of 
      Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Andersen, S
AU  - Andersen S
AD  - Arctic Health Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg 
      University, Aalborg, Denmark.
AD  - Department of Geriatric and Internal Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 
      Aalborg, Denmark.
AD  - Institute of Health Sciences, Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, 
      Greenland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170519
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers/*blood
MH  - Diet/*adverse effects
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*blood
MH  - Inflammation/blood/*diagnosis/etiology
MH  - *Inuit
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
PMC - PMC5438139
COIS- Competing Interests: There is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as 
      prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported.
EDAT- 2017/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/05 06:00
PMCR- 2017/05/19
CRDT- 2017/05/26 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/05/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-16-34680 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0177781 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2017 May 19;12(5):e0177781. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177781. 
      eCollection 2017.