PMID- 28546954
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2228-5652 (Print)
IS  - 2228-5660 (Electronic)
IS  - 2228-5652 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017
TI  - Pleiotropic cytotoxicity of VacA toxin in host cells and its impact on 
      immunotherapy.
PG  - 59-71
LID - 10.15171/bi.2017.08 [doi]
AB  - Introduction: In the recent decades, a number of studies have highlighted the 
      importance of Helicobacter pylori in the initiation and development of peptic 
      ulcer and gastric cancer. Some potential virulence factors (e.g., urease, CagA, 
      VacA, BabA) are exploited by this microorganism, facilitating its persistence 
      through evading human defense mechanisms. Among these toxins and enzymes, 
      vacuolating toxin A (VacA) is of a great importance in the pathogenesis of H. 
      pylori. VacA toxin shows different pattern of cytotoxicity through binding to 
      different cell surface receptors in various cells. Methods: To highlight attempts 
      in treatment for H. pylori infection, here, we discussed the VacA potential as a 
      candidate for development of vaccine and targeted immunotherapy. Furthermore, we 
      reviewed the related literature to provide key insights on association of the 
      genetic variants of VacA with the toxicity of the toxin in cells. Results: A 
      number of investigations on the receptor(s) binding of VacA toxin confirmed the 
      pleiotropic nature of VacA that uses a unique mechanism for internalization 
      through some membrane components such as lipid rafts and 
      glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-AP). Considering the high 
      potency of VacA toxin in the clinical presentations in infection and assisting 
      persistence and colonization of H. pylori, it is considered as one of the pivotal 
      components in production vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Conclusion: 
      It is possible to generate mAbs with a considerable potential to convert into 
      secretory immunoglobulins that could penetrate into the niche of H. pylori and 
      inhibit its normal functionalities. Further, conjugation of H. pylori targeting 
      Ab fragments with the toxic agents or drug delivery systems (DDSs) offers new 
      generation of H. pylori treatments.
FAU - Fahimi, Farnaz
AU  - Fahimi F
AD  - Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Tohidkia, Mohammad Reza
AU  - Tohidkia MR
AD  - Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Fouladi, Mehdi
AU  - Fouladi M
AD  - Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Aghabeygi, Reza
AU  - Aghabeygi R
AD  - School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 
      Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Samadi, Naser
AU  - Samadi N
AD  - School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 
      Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Omidi, Yadollah
AU  - Omidi Y
AD  - Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AD  - School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 
      Tabriz, Iran.
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical 
      Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170330
PL  - Iran
TA  - Bioimpacts
JT  - BioImpacts : BI
JID - 101558125
PMC - PMC5439391
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cell receptor
OT  - Helicobacter pylori
OT  - Immunotherapy
OT  - VacA
OT  - Vaccine
EDAT- 2017/05/27 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/27 06:01
PMCR- 2017/01/01
CRDT- 2017/05/27 06:00
PHST- 2017/01/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/02/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/05/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/05/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.15171/bi.2017.08 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Bioimpacts. 2017;7(1):59-71. doi: 10.15171/bi.2017.08. Epub 2017 Mar 30.