PMID- 28594426
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180409
LR  - 20180726
IS  - 2567-689X (Electronic)
IS  - 0340-6245 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 7
DP  - 2017 Jun 28
TI  - New developments in anticoagulants: Past, present and future.
PG  - 1283-1288
LID - 10.1160/TH16-10-0807 [doi]
AB  - Thrombosis is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and 
      anticoagulants are the mainstay of its prevention and treatment. Starting with 
      unfractionated heparin (UFH) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin, 
      the choices of anticoagulants have exploded in the past 20 years. With over 90 % 
      subcutaneous bioavailability, no need for coagulation monitoring and dose 
      adjustment, and a lower risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, 
      low-molecular-weight heparin and fondaparinux have replaced UFH for prevention 
      and initial treatment of venous thromboembolism and for secondary prevention in 
      cancer patients. In patients undergoing percutaneous interventions, bivalirudin 
      is often used instead of UFH. Oral anticoagulation therapy has advanced with the 
      introduction of the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), which 
      include dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban. With efficacy at least 
      equal to that of VKAs but with greater safety and convenience, the NOACs are now 
      replacing VKAs for many indications. This paper a) highlights these advances, b) 
      outlines how specific reversal agents for the NOACs will enhance their safety, c) 
      reviews some of the ongoing trials with the NOACs, and d) describes the 
      inhibitors of factor XII and XI that are under investigation as anticoagulants.
FAU - Weitz, Jeffrey I
AU  - Weitz JI
AD  - Jeffrey I. Weitz, 237 Barton St E, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada, Tel.: +1 
      905 574 8550, E-mail: weitzj@taari.ca.
FAU - Harenberg, Job
AU  - Harenberg J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170608
PL  - Germany
TA  - Thromb Haemost
JT  - Thrombosis and haemostasis
JID - 7608063
RN  - 0 (Anticoagulants)
RN  - 0 (Antidotes)
RN  - 12001-79-5 (Vitamin K)
RN  - 5Q7ZVV76EI (Warfarin)
RN  - 9001-30-3 (Factor XII)
RN  - 9005-49-6 (Heparin)
RN  - 9013-55-2 (Factor XI)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anticoagulants/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Antidotes/therapeutic use
MH  - Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy
MH  - Drug Discovery
MH  - Factor XI/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - Factor XII/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - Heart Failure/drug therapy
MH  - Heparin/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Peripheral Arterial Disease/drug therapy
MH  - Stroke/drug therapy
MH  - Thrombosis/blood/drug therapy/prevention & control
MH  - Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy
MH  - Vitamin K/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - Warfarin/adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Thrombosis
OT  - anticoagulant
OT  - heparin
OT  - low-molecular-weight heparin
OT  - non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant
OT  - warfarin
EDAT- 2017/06/09 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/10 06:00
CRDT- 2017/06/09 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/06/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/06/09 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 16-10-0807 [pii]
AID - 10.1160/TH16-10-0807 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Thromb Haemost. 2017 Jun 28;117(7):1283-1288. doi: 10.1160/TH16-10-0807. Epub 
      2017 Jun 8.