PMID- 28606816 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180108 LR - 20181202 IS - 1873-6254 (Electronic) IS - 0001-706X (Linking) VI - 173 DP - 2017 Sep TI - Altered distribution of peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets in patients with pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis. PG - 185-190 LID - S0001-706X(17)30017-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.007 [doi] AB - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by fungi from the genus Paracoccidioides in Latin America. PCM-patients (PCM-p) are classified as having acute/subacute or chronic (CF) clinical forms. CF is responsible for 75%-90% of all cases, affects mainly adults over 30 years old and the clinical manifestation are associated mainly with lungs and mucosa of upper airdigestive tract. In addition, the CF patients exhibit fibrosis of the lungs, oral mucous membranes and adrenals, and pulmonary emphysema. Consequently, CF PCM-p with active disease, as well as those that have been apparently cured, seem to be an interesting model for studies aiming to understand the long-term host-fungi relationship and hypoxia. Dendritic cells (DCs) constitute a system that serve as a major link between innate and adaptive immunity composed of several subpopulations of cells including two main subsets: myeloid (mDCs) and plasmacytoid (pDCs). The present study aimed to access the distribution of PBDC subsets of CF PCM-p who were not treated (NT) or treated (apparently cured - AC). CF PCM-p were categorized into two groups, consisting of 9 NTs and 9 ACs. Twenty-one healthy individuals were used as the control group. The determination of the PBDC subsets was performed by FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) and the dosage of serum TNF-alpha, IL1beta, IL-18, CCL3, IL-10 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). A high count and percentage of mDCs was observed before treatment, along with a low count of pDCs in treated patients. Furthermore, the mDC:pDC ratio and serum levels of TNF-alpha was higher in both of the PCM-p groups than in the control group. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that active PCM influences the distribution of mDCs and pDCs, and after treatment, PCM-p retained a lower count of pDCs associated with pro-inflammatory profile. Therefore, we identified new evidences of persistent immunological abnormalities in PCM-p after treatment. Even these patients showing fungal clearance after successful antifungal treatment; the hypoxia, triggered by the persistent pulmonary sequelae, possibly continues to interfere in the immune response. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Venturini, James AU - Venturini J AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubiao Junior s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciencias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: james@fc.unesp.br. FAU - Cavalcante, Ricardo Souza AU - Cavalcante RS AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubiao Junior s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. FAU - Moris, Daniela Vanessa AU - Moris DV AD - Universidade do Oeste Paulista - UNOESTE, Rua Jose Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920, Presidente Prudente - SP, Brazil. FAU - Golim, Marjorie de Assis AU - Golim MA AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubiao Junior s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. FAU - Levorato, Adriele Dandara AU - Levorato AD AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubiao Junior s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. FAU - Reis, Karoline Hagatha Dos AU - Reis KHD AD - Faculdade de Ciencias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil. FAU - Arruda, Maria Sueli Parreira de AU - Arruda MSP AD - Faculdade de Ciencias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil. FAU - Mendes, Rinaldo Poncio AU - Mendes RP AD - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubiao Junior s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170609 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Trop JT - Acta tropica JID - 0370374 RN - 0 (Antifungal Agents) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism MH - Dendritic Cells/*physiology MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Female MH - Gene Expression Regulation/immunology MH - Humans MH - Latin America MH - Lung/cytology/pathology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Paracoccidioidomycosis/drug therapy/*immunology/pathology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antifungal treatment OT - Emphysema OT - Myeloid dendritic cells OT - Paracoccidioides OT - Plasmacytoid dendritic cells OT - Pulmonary fibrosis EDAT- 2017/06/14 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2017/06/14 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/06/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/06/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/06/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/06/14 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0001-706X(17)30017-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Trop. 2017 Sep;173:185-190. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.007. Epub 2017 Jun 9.