PMID- 28614691
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170621
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1533-4406 (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-4793 (Linking)
VI  - 376
IP  - 24
DP  - 2017 Jun 15
TI  - A Trial of Itraconazole or Amphotericin B for HIV-Associated Talaromycosis.
PG  - 2329-2340
LID - 10.1056/NEJMoa1613306 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Talaromyces marneffei infection is a major cause of human 
      immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related death in South and Southeast Asia. 
      Guidelines recommend initial treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate, but this 
      drug has substantial side effects, a high cost, and limited availability. 
      Itraconazole is available in oral form, is associated with fewer unacceptable 
      side effects than amphotericin, and is widely used in place of amphotericin; 
      however, clinical trials comparing these two treatments are lacking. METHODS: In 
      this open-label, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 440 HIV-infected 
      adults who had talaromycosis, confirmed by either microscopy or culture, to 
      receive either intravenous amphotericin B deoxycholate (amphotericin) (219 
      patients), at a dose of 0.7 to 1.0 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, or 
      itraconazole capsules (221 patients), at a dose of 600 mg per day for 3 days, 
      followed by 400 mg per day, for 11 days; thereafter, all the patients received 
      maintenance therapy with itraconazole. The primary outcome was all-cause 
      mortality at week 2. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality at week 24, 
      the time to clinical resolution of talaromycosis, early fungicidal activity, 
      relapse of talaromycosis, development of the immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome (IRIS), and the side-effect profile. RESULTS: The risk of death at week 
      2 was 6.5% in the amphotericin group and 7.4% in the itraconazole group (absolute 
      risk difference, 0.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9 to 
      5.6; P<0.001 for noninferiority); however, the risk of death at week 24 was 11.3% 
      in the amphotericin group and 21.0% in the itraconazole group (absolute risk 
      difference, 9.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 2.8 to 16.6; P=0.006). Treatment with 
      amphotericin was associated with significantly faster clinical resolution and 
      fungal clearance and significantly lower rates of relapse and IRIS than 
      itraconazole. The patients who received amphotericin had significantly higher 
      rates of infusion-related reactions, renal failure, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, 
      and anemia than patients in the itraconazole group. CONCLUSIONS: Amphotericin was 
      superior to itraconazole as initial treatment for talaromycosis with respect to 
      6-month mortality, clinical response, and fungicidal activity. (Funded by the 
      Medical Research Council and others; IVAP Current Controlled Trials number, 
      ISRCTN59144167 .).
FAU - Le, Thuy
AU  - Le T
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Kinh, Nguyen Van
AU  - Kinh NV
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Cuc, Ngo T K
AU  - Cuc NTK
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Tung, Nguyen L N
AU  - Tung NLN
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Lam, Nguyen T
AU  - Lam NT
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Thuy, Pham T T
AU  - Thuy PTT
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Cuong, Do D
AU  - Cuong DD
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Phuc, Pham T H
AU  - Phuc PTH
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Vinh, Vu H
AU  - Vinh VH
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Hanh, Doan T H
AU  - Hanh DTH
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Tam, Vu Van
AU  - Tam VV
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Thanh, Nguyen T
AU  - Thanh NT
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Thuy, Tran P
AU  - Thuy TP
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Hang, Nguyen T
AU  - Hang NT
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Long, Hoang B
AU  - Long HB
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Nhan, Ho T
AU  - Nhan HT
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Wertheim, Heiman F L
AU  - Wertheim HFL
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Merson, Laura
AU  - Merson L
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Shikuma, Cecilia
AU  - Shikuma C
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Day, Jeremy N
AU  - Day JN
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Chau, Nguyen V V
AU  - Chau NVV
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Farrar, Jeremy
AU  - Farrar J
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Thwaites, Guy
AU  - Thwaites G
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
FAU - Wolbers, Marcel
AU  - Wolbers M
AD  - From Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research 
      Unit (T.L., N.T.T., T.P.T., N.T.H., H.B.L., H.T.N., H.F.L.W., J.N.D., J.F., G.T., 
      M.W.), and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.T.K.C., N.L.N.T., N.V.V.C.), Ho 
      Chi Minh City, the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases (N.V.K., N.T.L.) and 
      Bach Mai Hospital (P.T.T.T., D.D.C.), Hanoi, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong 
      (P.T.H.P., V.H.V.), and Vietnam-Sweden Uong Bi Hospital, Quang Ninh (D.T.H.H., 
      V.V.T.) - all in Vietnam; the Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health 
      (T.L., J.N.D., G.T., M.W.), and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network 
      (L.M.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical 
      Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (H.F.L.W.); and the Hawaii 
      Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu (T.L., C.S.).
CN  - IVAP Investigators
LA  - eng
SI  - ISRCTN/ISRCTN59144167
GR  - G1100682/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PL  - United States
TA  - N Engl J Med
JT  - The New England journal of medicine
JID - 0255562
RN  - 0 (Antifungal Agents)
RN  - 0 (Drug Combinations)
RN  - 005990WHZZ (Deoxycholic Acid)
RN  - 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole)
RN  - 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B)
RN  - 87687-70-5 (amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination)
RN  - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine)
SB  - IM
CIN - N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 5;377(14 ):1402-1403. PMID: 28976857
CIN - N Engl J Med. ;377(14 ):1402. PMID: 28980793
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*drug therapy/mortality
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Adult
MH  - Amphotericin B/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Antifungal Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Creatinine/metabolism
MH  - Deoxycholic Acid/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Drug Combinations
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Induction Chemotherapy/adverse effects
MH  - Infusions, Intravenous/adverse effects
MH  - Itraconazole/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Male
MH  - Mycoses/*drug therapy/mortality
MH  - *Talaromyces/isolation & purification
FIR - Chi, Nguyen Huu
IR  - Chi NH
FIR - Quang, Vo Minh
IR  - Quang VM
FIR - Chinh, Nguyen Tran
IR  - Chinh NT
FIR - Hung, Nguyen Quoc
IR  - Hung NQ
FIR - Vinh, Le Duc
IR  - Vinh LD
FIR - Liem, Nguyen Thanh
IR  - Liem NT
FIR - Cong, Ly Quoc
IR  - Cong LQ
FIR - Ly, Vo Trieu
IR  - Ly VT
FIR - Lan, Nguyen Phu Huong
IR  - Lan NPH
FIR - Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy
IR  - Man DNH
FIR - Nga, Nguyen Thi Quynh
IR  - Nga NTQ
FIR - Ngan, Ta Thi Dieu
IR  - Ngan TTD
FIR - Dung, Nguyen Thi Hoai
IR  - Dung NTH
FIR - Thu, Nguyen Kim
IR  - Thu NK
FIR - Khuong, Pham Thi
IR  - Khuong PT
FIR - Bich, Dang Thi
IR  - Bich DT
FIR - Long, Nguyen Van
IR  - Long NV
FIR - Hoang, Do Minh
IR  - Hoang DM
FIR - Tu, Hoang Thi Thanh
IR  - Tu HTT
FIR - Luat, Le Xuan
IR  - Luat LX
FIR - Dung, Nguyen Thi
IR  - Dung NT
FIR - Lan, Nguyen Thi
IR  - Lan NT
FIR - Huyen, Tran Bang
IR  - Huyen TB
FIR - Tuan, Nguyen Quang
IR  - Tuan NQ
FIR - Tra, Doan Thu
IR  - Tra DT
FIR - Hoa, Le Thi
IR  - Hoa LT
FIR - Hanh, Tran Minh
IR  - Hanh TM
FIR - Phuong, Nguyen Thi
IR  - Phuong NT
FIR - Lien, Tran Thi
IR  - Lien TT
FIR - Hoang, Dao Trong
IR  - Hoang DT
FIR - Sinh, Vu Thi
IR  - Sinh VT
FIR - Nga, Chu Thi
IR  - Nga CT
FIR - Quynh, Lai Thi
IR  - Quynh LT
FIR - Tiep, Tran Viet
IR  - Tiep TV
FIR - Hien, Ha Van
IR  - Hien HV
FIR - Hoan, Trinh Thu
IR  - Hoan TT
FIR - Ha, Nguyen Thi Thu
IR  - Ha NTT
FIR - Dong, Le Quang
IR  - Dong LQ
FIR - Anh, Nguyen Thi Kim
IR  - Anh NTK
FIR - Hien, Tran Tinh
IR  - Hien TT
FIR - Thu, Nguyen Thi Mai
IR  - Thu NTM
FIR - Hien, Ha Thuc Ai
IR  - Hien HTA
FIR - Nguyen, Ashley
IR  - Nguyen A
FIR - Thao, Vu Phuong
IR  - Thao VP
FIR - Dao, Phan Thi Hong
IR  - Dao PTH
FIR - Anh, Hoang Suong Nguyet
IR  - Anh HSN
FIR - Anh, Duong Van
IR  - Anh DV
FIR - Campbell, James
IR  - Campbell J
FIR - Thuy, Nguyen Thi Thanh
IR  - Thuy NTT
FIR - Dung, Nguyen Thi Phuong
IR  - Dung NTP
FIR - Hien, Ho Van
IR  - Hien HV
FIR - Tien, Nguyen Thanh
IR  - Tien NT
FIR - Van, Nguyen Thu
IR  - Van NT
FIR - Linh, Hoang Dieu
IR  - Linh HD
FIR - Huong, Tran Thi Kieu
IR  - Huong TTK
FIR - Bao, Ngo Thanh
IR  - Bao NT
FIR - Tran, Nguyen Bao
IR  - Tran NB
FIR - Nadjim, Behzah
IR  - Nadjim B
FIR - van Doorn, Rogier
IR  - van Doorn R
FIR - Gray, Alastair
IR  - Gray A
FIR - Hope, William
IR  - Hope W
FIR - Larsson, Mattias
IR  - Larsson M
FIR - Pouplin, Thomas
IR  - Pouplin T
EDAT- 2017/06/15 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/22 06:00
CRDT- 2017/06/15 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/06/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1056/NEJMoa1613306 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2329-2340. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1613306.